The need for regular engine oil changes has become so commonplace for motorists that it is taken for granted by many. Few people think about why this is necessary and what affects the life of the oil. Meanwhile, many important nuances some are not taken into account, and some are unknown.

Types of engine oils

Historically, the first to appear mineral oils obtained during the distillation of oil. Sometimes it was mixed with castor oil (for example, this technology was used by Castrol, where its name is taken from).

Such oils were sufficient for use in low-power engines, although they had tangible drawbacks: their viscosity significantly depended on temperature, mineral oils quickly oxidized and contaminated the engine.

If the first problem was solved by creating seasonal oils(summer and winter), then the second is only a frequent replacement.

The development of the chemical industry made it possible to stabilize and improve the properties of engine oils: thanks to viscosity modifiers, it was possible to create all-season mineral oils, a large number of antifriction and detergent additives allow mineral oils to work successfully in highly loaded engines.

The price to pay for the low price of mineral oil is that it retains weakness —low resource because, besides useful work, additive packages also counteract negative qualities most base oil.

The base oil synthesis allows to obtain a significantly higher quality product, but at a significantly higher price.

Synthetic motor oils, depending on the production technology, can have different composition.

Most common polyalphaolefin oils- the technology for their production is the cheapest. However, in a number of qualities they are superior to polyester oils - for example, their volatility and flammability are much lower, and their viscosity is more stable.

Manufacturers often use polyolester oil as an additive to the polyalphaolefin base to improve oil quality at a lower cost compared to all-polyolester oils.

Mixing a synthetic base oil with a mineral base oil gives the so-called semi-synthetics. In fact, these oils usually contain no more than 20% synthetic base oil. Such measures make it possible to obtain a more stable engine oil, increasing its resource in comparison with mineral, as well as stabilizing its viscosity.

Why change the engine oil?

Few can immediately describe all the functions performed by engine oil.

In fact, there are only three of them:

1. Lubrication. The most important job of engine oil. In modern car motors the loads on the parts are very significant, hence the requirements for engine oil are high. That is why modern engine oils contain a high amount of anti-friction, extreme pressure and viscosity-stabilizing additives ( up to 20-30 percent). However, operation at high temperatures, contamination from gases bursting through piston rings, lead to oil aging - the effectiveness of the additive package decreases. The drop in the viscosity of the engine oil is best seen: the used oil is much thinner than at the time of filling. A significant decrease in the strength of the oil film, combined with aging of the anti-friction additive package, increases engine wear.
2. Cleaning. Even the best oil cannot completely defeat engine wear. It is important that the wear products of the friction couples are retained by the oil in order to retain them in the oil filter. This is provided by a package of detergents, which also do not last forever. Since the days when only low quality mineral oils were available, it has been a misconception that darkening oil means oxidation and the need to replace it. In fact, the darkening of the oil is precisely the result of the work of the detergent additive package, which allows the oil to retain all contaminants in its mass, preventing them from precipitating.
3. Cooling. It is engine oil that cools the most heat-loaded engine components, for example, by spraying it onto the bottoms of the pistons. Thus, the oil is constantly in contact with parts heating above two hundred degrees, which accelerates its oxidation.

How often should the engine oil be changed?

The main problem is that it is impossible to accurately estimate when exactly concrete oil much will lose its properties in a specific engine.

Even if you take two identical car, they can be operated in different ways:

• frequent and short trips accelerate the aging of the composition compared to long trips, urban operation is harder for engine oil than highway driving.

For example, the amount of deposits formed in the engine in urban operation higher by 10-30% depending on the quality of the oil.

The quality of the fuel also significantly affects the change in the composition of the oil: the use of high-sulfur fuel increases the contamination of the oil, especially during heating, the increasing acidity disrupts the work of the additives.

Oils of different compositions have different service lives.

So, mineral and semi-synthetic oils force manufacturers to introduce a sufficiently high amount of additives to compensate for the suboptimal properties of the mineral base. At the same time, when creating a synthetic oil, the necessary properties can be laid down in the very base.

That is why aging of synthetic oil takes longer - aging and deterioration of additives has less effect on its properties.

How to determine the optimal oil change interval in a car?

The simplest method is refer to the manufacturer's recommendations.

For example, Peugeot sets the frequency of engine oil change for Russia 10,000 kilometers.

This rate is lower than, say, for Western Europe: the manufacturer takes into account the more difficult operating conditions of the engine, and, consequently, the faster aging of the oil.

Another French manufacturer, Renault, sets oil change intervals for gasoline engines 15,000 kilometers, and for diesel - 10,000. At the same time, it is indicated that it is necessary to halve the difficult conditions operation (long-term operation on Idling, short trips).

Indeed, standing in a traffic jam with the engine running, you do not increase the mileage, while the oil ages faster than usual.

It should be noted that the oil change intervals are negotiated by the car manufacturer with the condition that the recommended oils are used. Filling the engine with cheap semi-synthetic and, moreover, mineral oil, one cannot expect that it will last as long as synthetics. Thus, applying less quality oils replacement intervals should be shortened.

For most modern mineral oils, a mileage replacement is reasonable. 5000 kilometers, average life of semisynthetics - no more than 7000.

Synthetic oils, no matter how their manufacturer insists on increasing the resource of their product at times, would be reasonable to change with a run of 10-12 thousand kilometers.

How long does it take to change synthetic oil in a VAZ 2110 and VAZ 2114 engine?

Indeed, the manufacturer, according to notice No. 41635, normalizes oil change intervals for engine oils of groups API quality SG and SJ, long obsolete. So after how many kilometers should you change the oil? At the same time, the frequency of oil change is set at 10,000 kilometers, in difficult conditions it is reduced up to 5-7 thousand.

It would seem that better quality oils should have a longer service life in these engines. But if you compare these numbers with the recommendations of other manufacturers, you can see that the oil change intervals for all car brands are almost equal.

Therefore, you should not increase the service mileage when using modern synthetic oil - no one can guarantee the consequences of such savings.

How to change the oil in a Renault Logan engine?

The do-it-yourself oil change procedure may differ in labor intensity. depending on equipment and vehicle generation. So, on modern Renault Logan 2nd generation access to the oil filter is much more difficult due to the changed layout of the engine compartment and attachments.

On cars previous generation, especially in poor configurations, the filter is much more convenient to remove.

The work is most convenient to carry out on the lift by removing the crankcase guard. However, here you need to take into account that it is fastened with M6 bolts, which often break off even on cars with low mileage. In this case, you need to be prepared for the need to drill out the debris.

You don't have to remove the protection, but it should be borne in mind that when you unscrew the oil filter, a noticeable amount of used engine oil will get on it.

Next, unscrew with a square key 8 mm drain plug pallet. While the oil is draining, unscrew oil filter located at the front of the cylinder block. Its landing plane is cleaned and installed new filter, before this the sealing gum is lubricated with oil.

It is widely believed that the oil filter must be filled with oil prior to installation. It doesn't really make sense to expel air from the lubrication system. oil pump faster just through the dry filter.

When the engine oil is drained, the drain plug is returned to its place. It should be noted that its O-ring is disposable and must be replaced.

Filler neck on Renault engines Logan conveniently located and oil filling is not a problem... After filling the crankcase to the upper mark on the dipstick, you need to start the engine, let it run a little and turn it off.

Next, you need to add oil so that its level is again just below the upper mark of the dipstick or reaches it. It should also be taken into account that the eight-valve engine and the sixteen-valve engine have different filling volumes.

Replacement frequency - myths versus facts

A very common opinion is that it is advisable to change the oil in a car every 5000 km. This is what many people have been taught (at least in the West it was). But this standard rule was outdated many years ago.

The reason the 5000km myth has become so widespread is because the manufacturers had a checklist Maintenance based on the operation of vehicles in difficult conditions (dusty roads, a large number of accelerations and stops, driving on high speeds etc.). Then another checklist was created for normal vehicle use.

But no one was in a hurry to give up the opinion about the oil change interval of 5000 km, since the mechanics and repair shops realized that they could earn much more money, informing customers that the oil must be changed exactly every 5 thousand km. Moreover, this was often explained by the recommendation of the automaker.

How to understand which side the truth is on today? How many kilometers does it take to change the oil in an engine of a modern car?

Current realities

Note that new cars are usually equipped with a special function that calculates the optimal frequency of oil changes for specific engine. This system knows how to take into account factors such as torque crankshaft, temperature, mileage, etc. It calculates based on the formulas specified by the manufacturer. As a result, the display on-board computer displays information about how many kilometers are left to next replacement oils. These systems are reliable enough, so do not do it ahead of time.

Even if your car does not have this function, just go to the interval indicated in the owner's manual. If you fill in new oil more often than the manufacturer advises, there will be little benefit. This will significantly increase the cost of maintaining the car throughout its entire life.

Synthetic oil change intervals

Earlier in car engines mineral oil was commonly used and it is for this type of oil that most of the maintenance schedules were calculated.

But with the advent of new synthetic oils, the engine can travel many kilometers without having to change the oil. "Synthetics" loses its properties much more slowly than mineral oil. Therefore, if you are using synthetic engine oil, the drain interval can be significantly increased. Don't forget about periodic engine oil.

Some automakers advise using synthetic oil in engines. If this information applies to your vehicle, we advise you to follow this recommendation. It is more expensive, but this way you can drive a lot more kilometers, which ultimately saves money.

Greetings, dear motorists! We continue the series of publications that are related to changing the oil in the engine and everything you need to know on this issue. As you know, and we have already analyzed this in other articles, the relish must be replaced with a new one during the run of the car and in those cases when it is not used as well. Therefore, for those who are interested in changing the oil in the engine, mileage is the main criterion on which its frequency depends.

This issue is especially important in those situations when you purchase a used car without having a complete idea of ​​how it was serviced earlier. This is due to the fact that any lubricant necessarily loses its quality during operation. In this case, the engine is hit first. Moreover, it becomes relevant in the conditions of domestic poor-quality roads and fuel.
Now we will consider the frequency of replacement, based on the type of lubricant and its corresponding characteristics, because "synthetics" and "mineral water" have a lot of differences.

Let's start with the mineral type. It is much less common today than in the past, but many more car owners, especially domestic production are actively using it. Refined petroleum products constitute a significant part of it. For this reason, it loses its characteristics rather quickly and requires updating every 5-7 thousand kilometers traveled.
In addition, such oil will require flushing with special means, since it leaves a lot of carbon deposits during operation. Therefore, do you understand why it is used less and less every year? Nevertheless, the low price is still one of its advantages.

A completely different matter is a semi-synthetic type of engine lubricant. It already contains higher quality refined products, as well as various additives. All this raises its boiling point to 400 degrees and minimizes the amount of carbon deposits left.

The opinions of experts were divided regarding the operation on such oil. Some say that there is no need to flush it, while others argue that flushing will keep the engine clean for a long time. It is considered normal after 10-12 thousand kilometers.
However, most vehicles today use synthetics. It compares favorably in its performance and therefore is considered the most advanced type of lubricant. Its boiling point already reaches 600 degrees, plus this oil is practically not subject to burning and does not leave behind such a large amount of side effects. Due to the inclusion in the composition of various kinds of additives, its service life is much longer. Replacing synthetic oil is recommended after 15–20 thousand kilometers, although it is more expensive than other varieties.

Factors affecting the refresh rate

It is believed, on average, that the lubricant in the engine system should be changed every 10 thousand kilometers. But not in all cases, without exception, this will be correct. There are adjustments for new and old cars. So, for a car with high mileage 10 thousand kilometers is too much distance. The fact is that the engine is too worn out, and therefore, in order to extend its service life, it is advisable to provide lubricant changes after 7-8 thousand. Newer vehicles subject to proper care of the engine, they require replacement after 15 thousand kilometers.
So, the main factors affecting the frequency, in other words, the frequency of replacement, can be as follows:

• the age of the vehicle;
• engine condition;
• car operation;
• driving style;
• fuel quality;
• quality and grade of oil.

Mileage and grease change rates

As you know, new cars are in the running-in stage, which has a direct impact on the service life of the engine in the future. This stage is approximately 5-7 thousand kilometers, during which manufacturers do not recommend a sharp or sporty driving style. But at this stage, you should not save on the replacement of the lubricant and its quality, since in the future it is fraught with expensive repairs.

If you are purchasing a used car, it will also be useful to carry out an oil update, not really listening to the assurances of the former owner. We cannot know for certain which liquids were poured into the car, and whether they were saving on their quality. At low mileage or after many years of operation, it is recommended to show the engine to a good auto mechanic who can analyze its performance and condition.

For example, if the motor emits extraneous noise and knocking, which means that it is quite possible that he will need overhaul... In this case, there is no need to fill it with expensive high-quality grease. Moreover, oil consumption in such situations, as a rule, increases exorbitantly. The time for changing the lubricant in the engine can be gradually increased, but only in cases where only high-quality products are used.

Another point is related to the replacement even when the car is practically not used. It would seem that no wear and tear occurs in this case. However, condensation forms in the engine, due to which the composition of the lubricant changes and the creation of an acidic environment that destroys the parts of the power unit. This is why, even if the car is idle in the garage or in the parking lot, it does not shorten the oil change interval.

It is also important to fill the engine with such a lubricant that would correspond to the seasonality of operation. If you use summer oil, it is not surprising that the engine will refuse to start in severe frost... The starter simply will not be able to spin it sufficiently. Therefore, with each replacement, you must pay attention to the climatic features of your region of residence.

Calculation formulas

There are even special formulas that allow you to calculate the replacement depending on the mileage or the amount of fuel consumed. So, for a mineral type lubricant, it will be as follows:
Fuel volume = 100 x M, where M is the volume of oil to be filled into the system. For oils on a hydrocraic basis with a volume (for example) of 3.8 liters, we get the following calculations:

V = 150 x 3.8 = 570 liters.

That is, after your car "eats" 570 liters of fuel and you need to change the oil in the system.

Of course, not everyone uses the service of this formula, since in such calculations, the recommended mileage with subsequent replacement will in some cases be even less than the manufacturers recommend.

This is the time to conclude today's overview of the topic related to the frequency of lubricant changes in power units cars. Ahead of us awaits a lot of interesting publications on this and other topics that are in one way or another related to cars. Therefore, subscribe to our updates and recommend to your friends. Until next time!

Many novice drivers are worried about the question - after how many kilometers to change the oil? The question, in my opinion, is very correct and serious! How experienced driver give you advice ... ... ..

When you have new car you, as they say, do not take a steam bath, drive the car for a scheduled maintenance (technical inspection), they change the oil there, but what if the warranty is over? How long does it take to change the oil yourself? After all, the resource of your engine directly depends on the weaving of oil! The question is asked, as they say, I answer.

Here guys - we change the more often, the better, especially for engines with. With our Russian roads(dirt, dust, snow drifts) and with our gasoline (the quality leaves much to be desired), the oil loses its properties faster than on flat European roads. It should be understood that oils are divided into three types - mineral, semi-synthetic and fully synthetic oil, and each oil has its own drain interval.

Mineral- now almost never occurs, because it is technically outdated. It consists mainly of refined petroleum products (hydrocarbons - the so-called minerals), the boiling point of such oil is about 300 degrees Celsius. Changing such oil should be done in 5-8 thousand kilometers, because it burned out (became black, lost its properties), and it could no longer be used. Also, mineral oils left a fatal carbon deposit inside the engine, which settled on the internal mechanisms and gradually incapacitated them. Before filling in a new one, it was recommended to flush the engine, which was just struggling with carbon deposits. The only advantage of the mineral version is its price, it was very cheap, but the quality, as they say, was lame, the engines had to be repaired very often.

Semi-synthetic- a chemical mixture, that is, it already consists not only of refined petroleum products, but also of a chemical artificial mixture (chemically obtained additives and artificial oils), the composition is approximately 50/50, different manufacturers differently. The boiling point is about 400 degrees Celsius. The burning of such a composition is no longer so strong, but nevertheless, it is necessary to flush the engine when changing the oil, because the content of the mineral component is 50% (it is better to flush than to repair the engine later). Period of changing half of synthetics - every 10 - 13 thousand kilometers of run, from different manufacturers in different ways. But the price is no longer as cheap as that of the mineral, but bearable.

Synthetic oil- almost completely chemical mixture, the ratio of mineral and artificial oils is 20/80, 80 towards artificial. This is the most advanced oil available today. The boiling point is about 600 degrees Celsius, practically does not burn. It is not necessary to flush the engine, because it already contains additives that wash away carbon deposits. Also contains many different other additives for compression and to improve the performance of your engine. Well, just super, not butter! Well, there is one thing, but it is very expensive! But you need to change it once in 15 - 20 thousand kilometers of run.

Separately in this post are diesel engines. Answering the question - how long does it take to change the oil on a diesel engine, we answer - on a diesel engine it changes twice as often and mainly synthetic compounds are poured. That is, in gasoline we change through 15-20 thousand, on diesel through 8-10 thousand, this is due to the fact that diesel engine has a different structure and a different type of fuel.

Wow, here is such an informative post turned out to be used, but about the choice and not only read in.

The brake disc in the chassis of the car is designed to stop the rotation of the wheel due to the friction forces arising from the contact of the working surfaces of the disc with the friction material brake pads... The frictional energy is converted into heat, which is then dissipated in the surrounding air.

Front brake discs take the main load during braking. They are made reinforced - they have a greater thickness and diameter compared to the rear ones. To improve the efficiency of heat dissipation, the front brake discs are additionally equipped with ventilation ducts or vents. This type parts along with pads is consumable and changes as critical wear is reached.

Replacement interval brake discs

Car manufacturers do not regulate at what mileage to change brake discs. The intensity of their wear is to a greater extent related to the conditions of use and the manner of driving the car. Aggressive driving style in city traffic, with frequent and abrupt stops, leads, among other things, to accelerated wear of rubbing parts of the braking system.

It is recommended to monitor the condition of the brake discs and pads at every opportunity: at scheduled maintenance, at seasonal shift tires or suspension repairs. If there is the slightest doubt about the normal performance of the brakes, it is necessary to carry out an unscheduled diagnosis.

Checking items is mandatory brake system included in the regular maintenance schedule of each dealer car. In this case, the thickness of the discs and the residual height of the friction linings of the pads are measured. If the values ​​are close to the minimum and the remaining resource of the part may be enough until the next MOT, it must be replaced.

Interval, how much to change brake discs on each individual car depends on a number of conditions: its type, operating conditions, driving style and service features. In most cases, front brake discs passenger car may not require replacement up to 100,000 km mileage and more, taking into account the usual urban operating conditions. On heavy SUVs, the service life of the front discs is about 60-80 thousand kilometers... Rear brake discs are able to go away without replacement many times longer.

Factors that shorten the drive replacement interval

In addition to normal wear and tear during operation, the following factors affect the reduction of brake disc replacement intervals:

Using non-original brake discs and pads Low quality;

Overheating of discs, followed by sharp cooling, which will lead to deformation, or warping work surface and the need for a groove;

Grooving of discs in order to eliminate collars or beating during braking;

Features of the material of manufacture. The quality of the metal from which the disc is made directly affects its efficiency and service life.

Car manufacturers expressly indicate to use only original brake discs or recommended substitutes when replacing. These spare parts are made taking into account the features of the brake system of a particular car model. The same applies to pads, as the composition of cheap friction linings often does not meet the quality or application requirements for a particular vehicle.

Poor quality pads lead to accelerated abrasion of the disc surfaces and negatively affects the braking performance. In this case, the operation of the brakes is often accompanied by a squeak or squeak, which causes severe discomfort.

Vibration when braking caused by deformation of the disk surface is a fairly common complaint from car owners. The reason is warpage in the form of microscopic waves on a perfectly flat working surface of the part. This is the result of exceeding the normal working temperature and sharp cooling. For example, prolonged and intense braking followed by driving through a puddle.

The method of correcting a malfunction that significantly impairs the handling of the car and the operation of the brakes is a groove. As a result, all irregularities are removed from the surface of the disc, but at the expense of reducing its thickness. If the residual thickness is close to the permissible minimum, such a disc must be replaced. These parts should be replaced in pairs to evenly distribute the load on the brakes.

When the working surface of the disc is abraded, collars remain at its edges, where there is no contact with the friction material of the pad. Usually they are recommended to be eliminated by grooving because they can come into contact with the pad during braking and cause a squeak. In some cases, the groove is performed along with the replacement of the pads.

Increased wear of brake discs may be associated with the peculiarities of the material of their manufacture. The softer metal used in production leads to accelerated abrasion of their surfaces under normal car operating conditions. The resource even for the original disc is approximately 40-50 thousand kilometers. However, the manufacturer defines this life as normal for a part classified as a consumable.