Types of calipers. Brake caliper rear and its repair

The brake caliper is the component of the brake system, which develops most dynamically. Promotes such development competition. For their place on the market are fighting several dozen large manufacturersOffering car owners and workshops more and more modern "hydraulic vice" capable of working for a long time in a variety of conditions. In the broad nomenclature of these spare parts easy to get confused. We will tell you about how they are arranged. brake caliperHow to choose them correctly and properly exploit.

Excursion in history

Today it is believed that for the first time the mechanism of braking, equipped with a special disk appeared in 1890. Developed his Frederick Lanchester. The design included the caliper that squeezed the brake pads. Such a technical solution ahead His time. Only a decade after decades the design began to actively apply in the aviation industry. Disc brakes were installed for the first time in history on the car model of the Chrysler Crown Imperial, descended from the conveyor in 1949. That's right then brake system All automakers began to pay attention.

Concept design

Disk type brakes developed in two ways. Namely, the following "branches" of the development of brake calipers distinguish:

1. Floating bracket;
2. So-called Fixed design.

As for fixed calipers, they included a metal case, in which working cylinders were symmetrically relative to the brake disk. The metal housing was fixed on the fist (both the front suspension and the rear). When the driver involved the brake, the pads squeezed the disk at the same time on both sides. Do not working pads are held with special springs. The brake fluid moves along the tubes at once all the cylinders, which ensures the synchronous triggering of the pistons. Unfortunately, fixed brakes cannot boast high reliability. They are installed on heavy cars, as well as for sweaties. This type The brakes are a skate of large firms, somehow.

Floating bracket designs are significantly different from fixed calipers: the block is fixed only on the one hand, that is also not shifted from the place. At the same time, the caliper itself includes the cylinder housing and a special bracket. The cylinder is located on the side of the inner surface of the wheel. In the cylinder usually there is only one pistonbut sometimes installed immediately two. At the time of the start of braking, the piston must pass the effort to the 2nd block located right in front of him. As soon as the movable element is pressed to the disk, the aforementioned floating bracket begins its movement to the piston. The external shoe is involved. This mechanism It has simplicity and cheap manufacturing. It is widely widespread. As a rule, the caliper equipped with a floating bracket is put on the car golf class.

Features of work

The brake caliper must produce enough big braking effort, in order to ensure an effective slowdown and the next stop behind this. vehicle. As soon as the driver wants to stop, he is taking a pedal, thereby creating overpressure in the brake highway. Due to the pressure, the pistons of the caliper are triggered, fixing the pads, as can be guessed, parallel to the disk. In this case, the pads are compressed immediately on both sides, allowing you to quickly reduce the vehicle speed. However, it is highlighted from friction. The disk is heated, as well as pads with installed calipers. From here and the requirements for the latter:

• Caliper must have high heat transfer;
• The part should have a high overheating resistance;
• The item must be durable.

If the requirements are not respected, the material begins to deform. Sooner or later it happens even when properly operationSo the replacement of the calipers is not extraordinary. However, it is possible to delay the replacement time.

On old cars, somehow domestic UAZThe brake calipers were either only in front of the car, or they were not at all. The replacement was the usual brake drums.

Rear and front calipers

There is one feature in the brake system of the car: it is equipped with various calipers behind and in front. Simply put, the front caliper will not be able to put back.

Front Caliper is an outdoor cool coolant unit. It works in a tandem with a disk that is attached to the wheel hub. Cylinders are placed in special nests, and inside the cylinders there are pistons with sealing materials. In addition, the guide calipers are protected from external stimuli like dust and water with high-strength booster. As soon as the reverse fogging process begins, which in the braking system of the pistons in its normal position is returned with elastic rings.

Unlike front caliperThe technically more complex rear adapted to work also with the mechanism of the handbrake. Otherwise, the principle of his work is no different. However, the rear caliper due to greater complexity of the design is more expensive. Brake System Drive Systems rear wheels Maybe two: hydraulic, mechanical.

Typical malfunctions

If the car enthusiast knows about the device and common "diseases" of brake calipers, he will be able to operate them for a long time. Regular maintenance will be only on hand - to reveal the problem in time, you can get rid of the headache related to the repair not only the main assembly of the car, but also related knots with it. Pay attention to the following:

• Started twisted brake pads. The bottom line is that rust on the elements of the caliper creates an obstacle to the shoes themselves. It is enough to dismantle the caliper to solve the problem with simple metal stripping brushes available to sandpaper or small file. Immediately after removing rust from metal, the surface is covered with lubrication. And if the caliper is visible traces of production, they are the same holes from corrosion, there are two options: thoroughly walk on the metal with a file, if the production is still small, or buy a new part;
• Slined brake caliper guide calipers. On the guides it should move freely. The pads are dismantled, the caliper of the brake system is collected and freedom of stroke is checked. In case of problems, you need to check the guides for the presence of fesoms, bends and other things. Guides are cleaned and lubricated;
• On the piston of the caliper are visible traces of corrosion. The problem is solved by disassembling the caliper with the subsequent grinding of the piston using a special paste. Planting Additionally processed WD-40. The knot is going again, the fresh Remcople set (the boot needs to be replaced with a new one without fail). If the measures taken did not give anything, you will have to buy a piston separately or the entire caliper assembly;
• Began to jam the piston. It is necessary to let go of the pumping shock immediately after the wedge of the automotive pads. It usually helps. If the caliper has already been dismantled, the piston presses back will be difficult. Preventive measure Next: Inside the caliper with the help of the screw, get the piston, then start pushing it out the pedal so that the part does not fall out completely.

So that the above problems are not observed, follow the status of protection of brake calipers. Simply put, change anthers. It is they protect the item from entering the dirt, solid particles and dust, which will eventually begin to act as an abrasive, as well as ingestion of moisture provoking metal corrosion. With the replacement of anthers, you can cope with yourself.

Read more about repairing calipers

Caliper brakes can be called maintainable elements of the brake system. Some things are under the power and a simple car enthusiast. Neither special skills or technical education are needed.

Disassemble the caliper and delete old lubricant . Then the new grease is applied. Please note: in many stores can be found under the name of the lubricant for calipers ceramic or even copper pastes, which, after drying, provoke the encoding of parts. In fact, these are anti-graded pastes that are applied only to the places of contacts of individual elements of the brake system (stop pads to the caliper, pistons to the pads). You need silicone high-temperature lubricant. For example, Slipkote 220-R DBC, sold in black tubes. Also determine the degree of wear, replace the exponential items.

Examine the brake pads. If they wear out, they can only be replaced. Perhaps it is in the pads and wound the reason for the wrong operation of the brake system.

How to choose

The driver can choose a new brake system element with two methods:

1. Search by VIN code. It is very easy to find both the original and the nearest analogues. Many experts advise you to search for parts for your transport in its code, because so the chance to make a mistake comes down to zero;
2. According to technical data. Or rather, on the brand, model and configuration of the car. Also a good option, especially if you are looking for electronic catalogswhere these search criteria are mandatory;
3. By code of details. Find out the code of the already existing caliper or consult with car enthusiasts. You can go to the parts of the spare parts and one of the above paths.

But it is not all. You should get more information about manufacturers. So it turned out that for the most important automotive system, unscrupulous manufacturers produce the most disgusting fakes. They will be out of order early, overheat, sometimes and is completely subject to installation only with the hammer in their hands.

Excursion by brand

Unlike, let's say automotive sensorsIt makes sense to take a non-original caliper. Spare parts of the brake system with secondary market may not give up the originals. It is only important to know manufacturers. Here who releases the best brake calipers:

• (Denmark);
• (Germany);
• (USA);
• (Netherlands);
• (Germany).

Cheaper analogs are also there. That's just cheap caliper Long car enthusiast will not last. It makes sense to take only in the case of limited means at the time of purchase. Sooner or later, the item will have to change. Perhaps due to emergency breakdown. Pay attention to the following firms:

The brake system of the car is different, there is. Now for a period of time, the most promising is precisely disk optionsThey have a lot of pluses. However, what is the principle of braking this system? There is another important device that works in aggregate - brake caliper. It is he who stops the rotating disk. But how does this happen? Today I will try to tell about the principle of operation of this node. It will be interesting, so read ...

To start a small definition

Stopping support - This is a node that presses the brake pads to the disk while braking the machine when you press the brake pedal. This is the only part that moves in the brake system. It is installed on disc brakes, the drum system works differently.

This is very important knotTo be honest, the caliper must be viewed together with brake pads, they are the main load when braking the system. So it is worth noting that 90% breakdowns of the front "brakes" are associated with the calipers (but about it a little later).

Principle of operation

This is a fairly simple system, nothing complicated in it. Used almost at all passenger cars, that is, the design is similar, changes are minimal. Based on hydraulic pressure.

After you have pressed on the brake pedal, a special piston in the main brake cylinder begins to press the brake fluid. She, in turn, on the tubes and later on the hoses begins to go to the braking caliper.

The caliper has a piston, from pressure, it begins to go ahead. On one side of the piston, one brake pad is installed and presses on one side of the disk, on the other hand, it is simply attached to the caliper not moving. Thus, the disk is clamped by pads, they rub on it and stop. The disk as turn is rigidly connected with the wheel of the car, so the speed of the entire car is "quenched". It should be noted that with such a contact, a lot of heat is highlighted, so often they simply cannot withstand increased temperatures.

The caliper is both minimal design and large enough to accommodate wide or long brake pads. As a rule, it is installed on the hub that such a structure is applied to almost everyone modern cars.

Fault caliper

How do you understand nothing forever, so this node is permanent work It is worn out, it works in a constant aggressive environment, and it also heats up a lot. In general, heating is another "enemy" of this design, often fake spare parts (from China), can simply collapse from overheating. So it is important to choose normal spare parts or originals. Remember - do not save on the brakes.

Often all faults of calipers are associated oddly enough with his anthers. How? - you ask. Yes, it is very simple, the boot protects the mirror surface of the piston, as well as (which seal the inner working cavity) from various aggressive media. Simply he does not give him rust, also does not allow dust, dirt and other "charms". It should be noted that the caliper with a good fleekee will work for a very long time. But it stands to this "rubber band", then a rust is beginning to manifest on the surface of the working piston, and particles of sand, dust and dirt penetrate inside the caliper. They tritely split the seals, manifests themching. Thus, the brake fluid will trite out of the braking system, and the pads will not be effectively compressed (may not be).

Yes, flow You can call the fault number "1".

The second is a banal piston boiling . It usually happens when the block is already very worn and the piston is constantly nominated for the maximum length. It seems to be pressed the block. But it does not return back, because on its surface from too strong "extension" formed a rush edge, which prevents it from returning back.

What it carries for the driver:

• Increased wear brake pad.
• Increased disk wear.
• Uneven wear pads. You know when one is still almost a whole, and the second is completely worn out.
• Overheating of disks, which means it will be worse to stop the car, will more often creak especially in summer.
• Steering wheel. The piston can constantly press the disk, vibration can go to the steering wheel, especially strongly, if you click on the brake pedal at high speeds.

The third problem is louching calipers themselves . Some designs are made so that they begin to ram after a certain period, it speaks of a malfunction or guides, or about the unsuccessful design of the node itself. Need refinement. Often put special springs that eliminate this rumble.

Also in this point, I would like to note that often the piston can score (or even rust) as if inside, that is, part that comes into contact with the brake fluid. But how can it be? Yes, everything is simple - the brake fluid is hygroscopic, it absorbs moisture over time, even from the surrounding air. After three years, you have a "compote" in the brake system, the pistons begin to rust or scat from the inside - therefore it is necessary to change the brake fluid, at least once every three years.

Is it possible to renovate

I have a big and wonderful, be sure to read, everything is there on the shelves. The caliper breaks from it will not go anywhere, it may simply be trivially fronied, or a working piston Zakis. In general, if you buy a new assembly, then it is expensive. But it can be repaired and this one.

For this is purchased repair kit. In essence, these are all new insides that should be replaced.

Working pistons repair does not make sense (replete them from rust or oxide), the surface is often eaten, and even if you remove the part on a special machine, then the sizes are no longer suitable.

Therefore, the sequence of actions should be like this:

• Acquire a Repairlet.
• Remove the caliper from the car and disassemble it.
• We remove all old elastic bands, if necessary, clean the housing.
• Install new details.
• Install on the car, pump the brake system.

I would like to note separately guides, in fact it is two long bolts, which runs the movable part of the design. If they wear out, or they have a sealing gum, the support of the caliper can also be disturbed, they are also desirable to replace.

Disk hydraulic brakes are one of the varieties of friction type brake mechanisms. Their rotating part is represented by the brake disc, and a fixed-caliper with brake pads. Despite the fairly common use of drum-type brakes, disc brakes have also become the most popular. We'll figure out in the disk brake device, and also learn differences between two brake mechanisms.

Device disc brakes

Design disk brake Next:

• caliper (bracket);
• working brake cylinder;
• brake pads;
• brake disk.

Design of disk brake

Caliper, which is a cast iron or aluminum case (in the form of a bracket), is fixed on swivel fist. The design of the caliper allows it to navigate through the guide in the horizontal plane relative to the brake disc (in the case of a floating screw mechanism). In the body of the caliper, pistons are placed that, when braking, brake pads are pressed to the disk.

The working brake cylinder is made directly in the body of the caliper, inside it is a piston with a sealing cuff. To remove the accumulated air when pumping brakes on the housing, a fitting is installed.

The brake pads, which are metal plates with fixed friction linings, are installed in the body of the caliper on both sides of the brake disc.

The rotating brake disc is installed on the wheel hub. Fastening the brake disc to the hub is carried out using bolts.

Types of disk brake mechanisms

Disc brakes are divided into two large groups of the type of caliper used (brackets):

• mechanisms with a fixed screw;
• mechanisms with floating brackets.

Fixed bracket mechanism

In the first version, the bracket has the ability to move on the guides and has one piston. In the second case, the bracket is fixed and contains two pistons installed on different sides of the brake disc. Brake mechanisms with fixed screws are able to create a greater force of pressing the pad to the disk and, accordingly, greater braking force. However, the cost is higher than that of a floating brakes. Therefore, these brake mechanisms are used mainly on powerful cars, (Using several pairs of pistons).

The principle of operation of disk brakes

Brake mechanism with floating brake. 1 - brake disc; 2 - brake pads; 3 - piston; 4 - brake cylinder (caliper)

Disk brake mechanism, like any other brake, is designed to change the velocity of the car.

Step-by-step scheme of work disc brakes:

1. When pressed by the driver on the brake pedal, GTC creates pressure in brake tubes.
2. For a fixed screw mechanism:fluid pressure affects the pistons of workers brake cylinders with both sides of the brake disc, which, in turn, press the blocks to it. For a floating screw mechanism: The fluid pressure affects the piston and the body of the caliper at the same time, forcing the latter to move and press the block to the disk from the other side.
3. The disc clamped between two pads reduces the speed due to the friction force. And this, in turn, leads to the braking of the car.
4. After the driver release the brake pedal, the pressure disappears. The piston returns to its original position due to the elastic properties of the sealing cuff, and the pads are discharged using a small disk vibration during the movement.

Types of brake discs

By material manufacturing material, brake discs are divided into:

1. Cast-iron;
2. Stainless steel discs;
3. Carbon;
4. Ceramic.

Ceramic disc

Most often, brake discs are made of cast iron, which has good friction properties and a low cost of production. Wear brake discs From the cast iron is not great. On the other hand, with regular intense braking that causes an increase in temperature, it is possible to roam the cast-iron disk, and when water is covered with cracks. In addition, the cast iron is a rather heavy material, and after a long parking lot can be coated with rust.

Known discs and stainless steel, which is not so sensitive to temperature drops, but has more weak friction properties than cast iron.

Perforated ventilated disc

Carbon disks are characterized by less weight compared to cast iron. They also have a higher friction coefficient and operating range. However, at its cost, such discs can compete with a small class car. Yes, and for normal work It is necessary for their pre-warming.

Ceramic brakes cannot be compared with carbon in friction ratio, but have a number of their advantages:

• high temperature resistance;
• resistance to wear and corrosion;
• high strength;
• small specific mass;
• durability.

Ceramics and their cons:

• bad work ceramics when low temperatures;
• creak when working;
• high price.

Brake discs can be divided into:

1. Ventilated;
2. Perforated.

The first consist of two plates with cavities between them. This is done for better heat removal from discs, the average operating temperature of which is 200-300 degrees. The second have perforation / notches over the surface of the disk. Perforation or notches are designed to remove wear products brake shoes and ensuring the constant coefficient of friction.

Types of brake shoes

Standard BescasBest Brake Pads

Brake pads, depending on the material of friction linings, are divided into the following types:

• asbestos;
• blessing;
• organic.

The first is very harmful to the body, so to change such pads, you need to comply with all security measures.

In the blessing pads, the role of the reinforcing component can be performed by steel wool, copper chips and other elements. The cost and quality of the pads will depend on their constituent elements.

The best brake properties have pads made on the basis of organic fibers, but also the cost will be high.

Maintenance of brake discs and pads

Wear and replacing disks

Brake disks are directly related to the style of driving a motorist. The degree of wear is determined not only by kilometer, but also a ride in bad roads. Also on the degree of wear of the brake discs affects their quality.

The minimum allowable thickness of the brake disc depends on the brand and model of the vehicle.

The average value of the minimum permissible thickness of the front brake disk is 22-25 mm, the rear - 7-10 mm. It depends on the weight and power of the car.

The main factors indicating that the front or rear brake discs must be changed, are:

• batting discs when braking;
• mechanical damage;
• increase brake path;
• reducing the level of working fluid.

Wear and replacement pads

The brake shoe wear, primarily depends on the quality of the friction material. An important role is played by the driving style. The more intense will be braking, the stronger wear.

The front pads are flawed faster than the rear due to the fact that in braking they experience the bulk. When replacing the pads, it is better to change them simultaneously on both wheels, be it rear or front.

The blocks mounted on one axis can be impaired unevenly. It depends on the health of working cylinders. If the last are faulty, they squeeze the pads unevenly. The difference in the thickness of the overlays of 1.5-2 mm can talk about uneven wear of the pads.

There are several ways to understand whether brake pads need to be changed:

1. Visual, based on checking the thickness of the friction lining. The thickness of the lining is 2-3 mm specifies to wear.
2. Mechanical, in which the pads are equipped with special metal plates. The latter, as the linings are abrasion, begin to contact the brake discs, because of which disc brakes creak. The reason for the brake screen is abrasion of the lining up to 2-2.5 mm.
3. Electronic, in which pads with wear sensor are used. As soon as the friction pad will sweep up to the sensor, its core comes in contact with the brake disc, the electrical circuit will be closed and the indicator on the dashboard will turn around.

From whether the front brake calipers are working, the life of the driver and its passengers depends. In addition, the caliper is the most responsible detail in the entire brake mechanism. Between automakers is created very tough competition. Therefore, autocontracers are trying to get as much customers as possible due to the growth of maximum speeds.

Historical facts

Specialists are confident that the first disc brake mechanism appeared in about 1890. Development was engaged in English engineer Frederick Lanchester. The Lanchester system was a caliper, compressing pads. But then there were no materials from which brake discs can be made. This design went back.

Fame and development of disc brakes all car Mir owes aviation production. During World War II, aircraft chassis was equipped with calipers. In the early 50s, such systems have already become installed on sports cars. After some time, the front brake calipers began to appear on civil cars. The first car that was equipped with a disc brake system was Chrysler Crown Imperial 1949.

How the caliper is arranged, species, principle of operation

As the design evolved and developed, two types of data of mechanisms were distinguished. These are fixed systems and devices with a mouse of a floating type. Consider every kind in more detail.

Fixed type caliper

These chronology systems appeared earlier than the elements with a floating bracket. This mechanism consisted of a housing and cylinders with each of the sides of the disk. The body of the caliper is firmly and rigidly fixed on the front fist, and on some models - and rear suspension. When the car driver pressed the pedal, it was pressed to the disk with each side on one block. In an open state, they were held using a special spring. To ensure simultaneous triggering of two pistons, the brake fluid was fed into the mechanism using the network of tubes into each of the cylinders.

Due to the use of several cylinders, the work of such a design was very effective. Such front brake calipers, and the rear are installed on heavy and sports cars. Systems of this level are manufactured in specialized companies producing sports spare parts.

Floating Caliper

This mechanism differs from the above described in that on the one hand, the brake shoe is constantly in one place. Caliper with a foles of a floating type consist of a fastening bracket and housing. The latter is fixed on inner side wheels. The housing is set more often than one brake piston of the front caliper. In the process of pressing the pedal, this element affects the movable block. So, first starts the movement of the shoe, and when it squeals to the surface of the dick, the floating bracket moves to meet the piston in the second block.

Operating principle

The task that the front brake calipers perform is, in fact, braking when you click on the appropriate pedal. It is worth considering the principle of operation of these devices in more detail. The algorithm of work is that when the driver presses the pedal, the pressure increases in the system. The piston located in the GTC moves from the beginning of the cylinder into its end, collecting the liquid in the container. Due to the work of the piston, it is extruded. Then this liquid moves along the mains and, finally, the piston works. He presses on the pads.

Chief cylinder

To understand how the brake caliper works front VazIt is necessary to disassemble the design of the GTC. The cylinder is a design with a piston inside. The latter is fixed on the stock, which affects it. When you click on the pedal, this element is shifted forward. Accordingly, the brake fluid is shifted with it.

You need to know that it is impossible to compress it. If the fluid turns pressure, then it will put it on something. Next, the fluid will influence all working cylinders to which the system hoses are connected. After the working cylinder is filled with liquid, the piston inside will be squeezed out and act on the block. The latter will make a disc and the braking process will begin.

About the need to maintain calipers

Often car enthusiasts complain that the braking front caliper ("Niva" is either another car - no essence is important) ineffective, heats up and often encourages. At a certain point, the brakes that earlier pleased their owner with clarity and reliability, suddenly became capricious. Such problems arise due to the lack of the possibility of servicing these nodes. Recovery work is starting only when the machine does not slow down.

If it is more common, then repair the front brake caliper will not need. Let's look at what reasons the caliper may fail to maintain and change it.

Corrosion - Home Bed

These mechanisms are forced to work in very heavy conditions. When the driver actively slows down, the disc can be heated to 600 degrees. Other caliper details suffer less. However, they are also constantly heated and cooled. And besides, the braking front caliper ("Toyota Majest" including) is often exposed to water, sand, salts and various dirt. Naturally, the working cylinder in the caliper is securely protected by a boot, as well as cuff. However, during operation on the piston and corrosion may appear in the cylinder.

Causes are water and dirt that make their way through damaged anthers. It is necessary to regularly monitor the state of the anthers. And if they collapsed, it should be purchased a repair kit of the braking front caliper and replace the old item. Also, due to the heating / cooling cycles, condensate occurs. Corrosive and outer edges of cylinders and pistons. Initially, the stroke of the piston is accompanied by a noticeable effort. Then this problem progresses and it is inevitably reflected on the quality of the brake system in general. The driver presses on the pedal, but she is very tight. With stronger pressure, the brakes are either triggered once or do not act at all. If the cylinder B. good conditionIt is possible to get rust to be separated, then with lubrication and then you can return to efficient operation. But it happens not always.

Replace or restore?

If you regularly do not maintain brake calipers, then the pistons can be jammed in cylinders. In this case, even the repair kit of the braking front caliper will not help, especially since it consists of an anther and cuff. In this case, it is necessary to repair and restore the surface of the cylinders.

The method of solving this problem depends on the design of the caliper, the car model, as well as on the state of the mechanisms. For example, you will have to buy a new piston or in the worst case, acquire a new or used caliper. It's very expensive pleasure - the caliper brake front right, and, accordingly, the left for VAZ-2108 will cost 2,500 rubles for each.

Symptoms breakdown and repair

The fact that this mechanism will soon fail, says creak. This means that there are friction, which is slow, but confidently destroy the mechanism. Crop the caliper for several reasons. One of them is thinned blocks. The second reason is the worn discs. The pleasant news is that this mechanism can be restored.

To do this, you need to put the car on special backups and then remove the wheel. Next, take out the pads - it can be done by reloading the lower bolt. Then unscrew the top. He holds the caliper itself. The field of this turns away the bolts that fasten the bracket and remove them. Next, take out the piston. To squeeze it, you need to squeeze the brake pedal. When the element managed to extract, the brake line must be removed and borders. For this, the bolt is suitable for 12. The main thing - do not forget to take it out from there.

Then the caliper brake front left or the one that has failed, disassemble up to the screws. Each element is cleaned to shine with cleaning agents. Worn parts replace. Also before assembly, it is necessary to prepare Repair Kit - change all gum (rings and anthers). This is what concerns repair. The replacement is even easier - here the old item is simply emitted, and the new one is installed in its place and twists on the bolts. You can only install pads into guides and fix their position. By the way, the details of the system pairwise (left and right together) change.

Select caliper

The car market offers a lot of options. Need a budget caliper brake front? Its price ranges from 2 thousand rubles. If you need something more expensive and efficient, it is worth paying attention to JBT mechanisms. Also good feedback They write about the products of the domestic brand "Proma". A set of brakes with disks and four-position calipers will cost 36 thousand rubles. For a regular ride, you can purchase full-time caliper production AvtoVAZ.

Today we will look at in detail and find out what a caliper in the car and what it is needed. Caliper automotive systemWith the help of which there is a smooth braking of the vehicle in the process of its movement. Recently, due to a significant increase in the high-speed capabilities of modern cars, the brake system began to pay special attention, because it is one of the main systems responsible for the safety of the driver and passengers.

It should be understood that the caliper, due to various modern modifications, the use of the latest materials, approaches and equipment today is the most developed vehicle system.

The main device and the principle of the caliper

First you need to remind two main directions for the development of modern calipers - with a floating cleaner and using a fixed design.

Historically fixed design appeared earlier. The principle of operation of such a design is quite simple - two cylinders enclosed in a special metal case have placed on both sides of the brake disc. The hull itself was hard to fastened to the front, or the rear suspension of the vehicle.

When the braking mechanism was launched, the pads with cylinders were evenly started pressed from two sides to the braking disk. In order not to arise any arbitrary pressed in the process of movement - the pads at a distance from the brake disc was held in a special way with the springs.

The simultaneity of the triggering of the cylinder is ensured by uniform feed brake fluid, Using a special branched system of the tubes. Given that the system closes to the triggering of several cylinders at the same time - its effectiveness turns out to be at a fairly high level. Usually such systems are used on heavy and sports cars.

A distinctive feature of a floating bracket is a slightly modified principle of braking vehicle. Initially, brake pistons are triggered on one side of the brake disc, which in the literal sense begin to push the brake disc to the pads located on the other side. Thereby ensures more smooth braking.

Given that the mechanism for braking in this case is required on the one hand, such systems have smaller dimensions, it is easier to maintain, cheaper and more practical in operation. Very widely used in structures inexpensive cars With small dimensions.

The device work can be described by such an algorithm:

- after pressing the braking lever, the brake fluid begins to enter the caliper cylinders;

- cylinders begin to press braking pads to special brake disc (depending on the system is one-sided or on both sides);

- Due to the occurrence of friction and resistance, transport begins to reduce the speed (until a complete stop).

A little about improving the performance of the caliper

To the brake system served for a long time and smoothly, you should stick to some simple rules The maintenance of such a system from which its performance directly depends.

First of all:

- periodically (once a month) to conduct a visual inspection of the brake system for the detection of a possible flow of brake fluid, as well as pay attention to the connecting elements (hoses) of the operating piston of the cylinder and the caliper elements;

- no less often than every two years spend full replacement Brake fluid. It should be understood that this liquid has the ability to absorb the moisture existing in the atmosphere, thus, thereby, its original properties. Water in the brake fluid contributes to the formation of corrosion, as well as a decrease in the level of clutch;

- monitor the level of wear of the brake pads. Almost all systems of modern cars have sensors notifying the vehicle owner on the state of the brake pads. In the process of replacement, it is advisable to monitor the degree of wear of each shoe. If it is uneven - this is a signal for adjusting a certain part of the caliper.

It should be understood that ignoring these simple rules can cause the loss of vehicle manageability when you feel the least, and even worse the cause of the accident.

It should also be remembered if you increase your power " iron horse"In the process of upgrading, you should replace the brake system to more powerful and modern. This is done by increasing the number of brake cylinders, changing the braking system, installation of more powerful brake discs.