One of the worst road accidents is a head-on collision. Moreover, even if both cars were moving at a fairly moderate speed, the consequences can still be catastrophic, since the speed of both vehicles at head-on collision is summed up. That is, if the cars were moving at a speed of 50 km / h each, the collision would have the same consequences as if the car crashed into a wall at a speed of 100 km / h. Based on numerous studies, such a blow will have the most dire consequences for the driver and passengers.
After a collision and an instant stop of the vehicle, the driver and passengers continue to move forward by inertia. That is why they get serious injuries. The most common is hitting the glass with your head. Therefore, the ability to avoid a head-on collision is an extremely important skill for the driver. In some cases, if it is impossible to avoid a traffic accident completely, it makes sense to prefer a collision "tangentially" or "contact" with a car moving in passing direction.
The first thing to do in the event of a frontal collision threat
As practice shows, the lower the speed of the vehicle before a head-on collision, the less serious consequences it entails. Therefore, at the slightest threat of a collision, the first thing a driver must do is to reduce the speed of his car as much as possible. Today, many cars are equipped with the most advanced systems, which in automatic mode monitor the traffic situation. In case of a dangerous approach or its threat, it will give the driver an appropriate signal.
In addition, a number of systems, for example, CMBS, are able to independently activate the system. emergency braking... But in their absence, monitoring the situation on the road becomes the responsibility of the driver. In addition to observing the speed limit, it is worth realizing that with the threat of a head-on collision, it is much preferable to be in roadside bushes or a ditch than to endanger your own life, and the car - to serious destruction. Naturally, you should not neglect the use of seat belts, since the airbag is designed only for the fastened driver.
One of the important points that allows you to avoid a head-on collision is experience. But it is absolutely not necessary to spend many years behind the wheel, it is enough to take special courses of counter-emergency or extreme driving... Such classes last a maximum of 6 days, and give the driver not only a sufficient set of skills, but also the much-needed "muscle memory" that allows him to act in an extreme situation almost automatically (reflexively). If it is impossible to undergo special training, you can conduct independent studies on deserted sites. A few practical tips on how to avoid a head-on collision can be seen in the video:
Getting into the car correctly and the 2-second rule
Correct entry into a vehicle begins with adjusting the position of the seat. In its normal position, the driver can turn on any speed and fully depress any pedal. In addition, before starting the movement, it is necessary to adjust the position of the mirrors "for yourself" - they must provide the maximum possible view. In no case should you start driving with frozen glass, which interferes with normal visibility.
The two second rule has been around for a long time. Its basic principle is to measure the distance to the nearest car, not in its bodies or meters, but in seconds. To implement this rule in practice, you should choose a landmark for the car moving in front, and note the time of its passage. If the selected distance can be covered in less than 2 seconds, it will need to be increased. It is worth knowing that when driving along slippery road the distance increases several times.
In practice, this makes it possible to adequately assess the impending danger and take appropriate measures in time to prevent it. The so-called reaction distance for a driver moving at a speed of 60 km / h is about 20 meters - this distance is covered by the car before the driver has time to apply the brake. Added to this is braking distances... In general, the distance should be such that the car has time to slow down and make a maneuver, avoiding a head-on collision.
Simple rules to help avoid head-on collisions
Quite often, a head-on collision is the result of wrong overtaking, before the commission of which the driver could not adequately assess the situation on the road. To answer the question of how to avoid a head-on collision when overtaking, it makes sense to list simple rules:
- timely turning on the turn signal will warn all participants about the maneuver;
- with a shift of only one meter to the left, forward visibility must be at least 100 meters;
- you should take care of the space for acceleration, so that the time spent on oncoming lane turned out to be minimal;
- before the maneuver, you should select the gear that will instantly pick up speed;
- the appearance of a car in the oncoming lane is a reason to give up overtaking and return to your lane.
Skills to help prevent head-on collisions
In addition to the banal observance of the simplest rules and culture on the road (giving a turn signal, avoiding sudden maneuvers), it is necessary to show maximum concentration and not be distracted by extraneous matters. It is not permissible to eat, drink or lift substances that have fallen on the floor while driving. As well as changing the radio station or talking on the phone - all this significantly distracts from the road.
Important! At a speed of 100 km / h in just one second, the car travels 30 meters, and even a slight weakening of the driver's attention is enough to drive into the oncoming lane and commit a head-on collision.
Sufficient attention must be paid to the availability of free space around the vehicle. In this case, the distance must be selected in accordance with the type of vehicle in front. So, it is better to stay away from the motorcycle, since it has a shorter braking distance. It is worth driving further away from the truck, since it significantly complicates the view, and a sudden danger can be noticed too late, when a head-on / other collision is already inevitable.
The topic we are going to talk about now is vital and rather sad. Why? Because we are talking about head-on collisions - accidents that today most often claim the lives of innocent people or endow a person with disability. And, as usual, all the blame falls on the shoulders of one of the road users - in rare cases, such accidents happen due to an “unknown force”. There are culprits in any road accident. But if we talk about minor accidents on modern roads, then this is half the trouble, but a head-on collision is a real disaster, tragedy, horror, trouble (for someone even of a universal scale).
Therefore, before you continue reading this chapter, I would like to ask you for one small favor: Read everything below with extreme care! Take it seriously. After all, if you assimilate all the information from this chapter, then in the future you will be able to save the life of not only yourself and your loved ones, but also other people who are also road users and, just like you, do not plan to prematurely leave the “other world”.
"Read everything that follows with special care."
To realize the seriousness and urgency of the problem, you can take your mind off reading and go to youtube. Enter "head-on collision" on the website in the search bar. See how many accident videos are stored on this site. Include a few of them. I can assure you that you will be impressed and grasp the reading of this chapter, that neither your spouse, nor your husband, nor your parents, nor your children will be able to take you away from the book.
It's all to blame ...
Well? Have you watched a couple of videos? Yes? How are your impressions? Terrible, isn't it? Yes, and indeed the spectacle is not for the faint of heart. And you probably don't want to find yourself in a similar situation. Therefore, to begin with, before moving on to the main part, in which we will consider ways to avoid a head-on collision, it is worth paying attention to the causes of an accident of this kind.As in most accidents, the cause of a head-on collision is the driver's rash actions and traffic violations. And today many car owners are violating, despite the fact that serious punishments are now being applied to violators, up to and including deprivation driving license or imprisonment (for serious fatal accidents).
I would like to note that at night, a head-on collision occurs due to fatigue and drowsiness of drivers. Many motorists like to drive on night roads, but for some reason they don't bother to get enough sleep. Of course, if a person works as a truck driver, then you will not trample on the authorities - he is not interested in whether you slept today or not, and you will have to go on a night flight. But many amateur drivers voluntarily go on night trips. And then tragedies occur on the night road.
"... the cause of a head-on collision is the driver's rash actions and violation of traffic rules"
As an example, we can give a standard situation that repeats itself on the roads from day to day. The driver, naturally, without really sleeping during the day, goes about his business on the night road. He is tired for the day, he wants to sleep terribly, but he has a business that cannot be delayed and he needs to be solved, not only in the morning, but also to do it in another city - a conference, a meeting of entrepreneurs or just a gathering of motorists. In general, the reasons for such a trip do not interest us at all. Focus on road and driver fatigue.
And so, the driver calmly moves along the road, sometimes heats up the gas in order to get to the destination early and have time to "doze" at least a couple of minutes, but drowsiness takes over. The eyes close by themselves, the hands relax, and the car gradually drives into the oncoming lane. And there, as luck would have it, a wagon was driving towards us, and even loaded. The truck driver signals a car moving head-on and does not even realize that the person driving this car has fallen asleep. The result is a head-on collision.
I would like to clarify right away why the "ruler". Because when the driver fell asleep while driving, he stopped driving at the same time. The person is just asleep. What kind of conscious management can we talk about?
However, do not think that "fell asleep at the wheel" is the only reason for head-on collisions. You can also meet head to head because of an elementary skid on a slippery road. And it doesn't have to be a snowy or icy road. A small shower is enough to significantly wet roadway... But if a skid and become the cause of a head-on collision, then only for another reason - violation of the speed limit on a certain section of the road. Speeding is the main culprit in any serious accident. For example, on a slippery road, it can skid if the driver drives on a rounded road with high speed or rashly overtakes or avoids an obstacle.
“Speeding is the main culprit in any serious accident”
Another common cause of head-on collisions is blinding. high beam... Probably everyone has faced this problem. experienced driver... Agree that at first, as soon as the rights were obtained and your own car was bought, you sometimes forgot to switch the light. It was, it was, and there is no need to deny it. You will not deceive yourself. How in such situations a head-on collision occurs, for sure, there is no need to explain, since it is not difficult to imagine it - the same as driving a car with your eyes closed (figuratively speaking).
The next reason is maneuvering in conditions of limited visibility. Limited visibility can be understood as dense fog, heavy rainstorm or snowfall, road smoke from peat bog fires, etc. In this regard, you can once again revise the chapter on driving in fog, where everything is described in detail about how to behave on the road in poor visibility.
Reckless overtaking is another reason for "lobovukh". By the way, this very reason today belongs to one of the main culprits of head-on collisions. And the birth of this reason begins with the promiscuity and inexperience of modern drivers (especially beginners).
Not all die
Although a head-on collision is one of the most severe road accidents, not everyone suffers. Most of all goes to the driver and front passenger. Passengers in the back can get off with bruises, abrasions, fractures or concussion - however, they will definitely live. But people sitting in front, in a head-on collision, usually either die immediately, or in the hospital due to injuries. And this is even despite the fact that the engineers of modern car manufacturers are trying in every possible way to increase the safety performance of new cars. But so far no one has managed to come up with a car that is completely safe in all respects.Passengers in the rear are especially dangerous to the driver and front passenger. It is so accepted in many countries that a person sitting in the back seat of a car does not have to wear a seat belt. And in the event of a head-on collision, the passengers sitting in the back pile all their weight on the driver and front passenger. It should be noted that upon impact, the human body moves forward by inertia (i.e. in the direction in which the car was moving). And at the moment of the collision, the body weight of the passengers sitting in the back increases several times. On this topic, the Swedes have come up with something like a joke warning: you are driving an elephant behind your back! Of course, "elephant" should not be taken literally.
"... so far no one has managed to come up with a car that is completely safe in all respects."
Probably, you thought that the driver mostly suffers with a headbut, and the passengers sitting behind receive only minor and life-threatening injuries? Not really. An unfastened person sitting in the back seat in an accident can fly out through any broken window of the car. It is not uncommon for a passenger in a head-on collision with rear seat ended up on the hood of a car / s.
How to avoid a head-on collision?
And so, we figured out the main causes of the accident. We also talked about who suffers most with lobovuha. Now it is worth moving on to solving the main issue that interests millions, and maybe billions of drivers around the globe. Every driver wants to own the situation. And although at first glance everything seems so difficult and unbearably difficult, learning to avoid a head-on collision is not so difficult. Moreover, the methods are so simple, and the solution to the problem is trite, that at the end of reading this part of the chapter, you will be extremely surprised. You will definitely think about it: “Why don't I do all this and don't even remember about such simple rules? But I knew all this, once. "The problem of a modern person, in our case a driver, is that in a day he will receive a huge, sometimes even excessive amount of information that "interrupts" the memory - really necessary things are forgotten. Therefore, now, before continuing to read, take a piece of paper, a pen, or open Notepad on your computer and write down whatever you see fit. There is no point in poking your fingers and saying, "Write this down ... and this ... and this," there is no sense at all. Therefore, decide for yourself what is really important to you and mark it in a convenient way for yourself.
And so, in order to avoid a head-on collision, you must first of all observe speed mode... Separately, I would like to pay attention to country roads and highways. The fact is that it is on such sections of the road that the lobovuha is most dangerous. The danger is expressed in the high speed of traffic flows of vehicles. The higher the speed, the more severe the consequences of a head-on collision. Therefore, it is advisable to get rid of recklessness forever, and move on the roads only at the speed that is allowed by road signs and traffic rules.
Always consider weather conditions. Do not overtake in dense fog, when visibility is limited to only a few meters, with heavy snowfalls, heavy ice or a "wall" of pouring rain. Do not hurry. Better to drive calmly and wait until weather conditions and visibility on the road stabilize. Only then can you overtake - do not forget to make sure that the maneuver is safe for all road users.
"The higher the speed, the more severe the consequences of a head-on collision"
Also, do not count on luck when overtaking. As it was said in one of the previous chapters, thoughts like “I'll be in time! I'll skip! " must leave your brain forever. Forget even thinking about it. And if such a thought just appears in your head, crack your forehead with your palm - let's go and fly out of the brain. If you see that you clearly do not have time, then do not even try to overtake - wait for the right moment. And, of course, remember the famous phrase: "NOT SURE, DO NOT OVERCOME !!!".
Always decelerate before making a turn on a curve in the road. Go through any curve, keeping to the shoulder to the right. Never try to pass such a section of the road against the median strip. Remember: "Any turn, rounding of the carriageway requires a reduction in speed!"
Pay attention to the behavior of other road users. For example, if the driver of an oncoming car fell asleep while driving, then you will immediately notice it - the oncoming lane will slowly slowly cross the dividing strip or move into a ditch. If you notice this in advance, then you can save yourself from a head-on collision by stopping or avoiding the impact. In addition, you can nervously "beep" - suddenly a sleeping driver will wake up and be able to prevent an accident.
You should not get behind the wheel very tired and sleepy. Otherwise, there is a chance that it is you who will become the culprit of the terrible accident - it's good if you are still alive. Get enough sleep and only then hit the road.
It was inevitable
As sad as it may be, it is not always possible to avoid a head-on collision. Therefore, every driver must be prepared in advance for the impact and know how to behave if a terrible accident is about to happen.The first step is to try to slow down as quickly as possible. This can be done with a pedal and a handbrake, and generally all at once. The main thing is to stop here quickly. The lower your speed, the easier the hit will be. But all actions in this situation should be taken only when there is still enough distance to the oncoming car.
If the collision is quick, the first step is to quickly remove your feet from the pedals and move them closer to the seat. Thus, you eliminate the possibility of serious injuries and fractures of the lower extremities.
"The lower your speed, the easier it will hit."
If possible, bend over to the front passenger seat so that you are facing downward and below the level of the windshield. This is necessary so that fragments and car parts that fly in through the broken window do not damage you. Most drivers die in a head-on collision precisely because of injuries sustained by a wreckage of a car or glass shards.
Be sure to wear your seat belt. If you see that an accident is imminent and you forgot to buckle up, do it immediately and as quickly as possible so that you have time to do the steps described above.
There is one more tip that helps to get away from frontal impact which, it would seem, cannot be avoided. However, this method will not help to completely avoid an accident. The method itself includes the following steps:
In case of an inevitable head-on collision, you must try to turn the steering wheel to the right, so that the oncoming car hits you tangentially into the sidewall of the car. That is, in simpler terms, you must substitute your side, but at the same time do not allow a direct hit into it, but only a sliding (tangent) one.
And in conclusion, I would like to say that if you really decided to dodge a frontal impact, then always turn the steering wheel to the right. Remember: In case of a head-to-head collision, turn the steering wheel only to the right! After all, the driver of the oncoming lane can wake up at the very last moment. Where do you think it will turn? Naturally, on its own lane, which in relation to you is on the left side.
As you can see, all the recommendations for head-on collision avoidance are simple and doable. The main thing is to remember everything, write it down and occasionally remember or read your notes - you marked it in your Notepad or on a piece of paper important points? Let's hope YES!
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So, is it possible to avoid such an unpleasant event or is it still inevitable? Let's try to answer this very controversial question. At least we'll try to figure out how to make this less likely.
So, if you believe the statistics of the causes of an accident, we can conclude that it can be avoided in the overwhelming majority of cases. According to this very exact science, only in 3% of cases of their total number this would not have been possible for any action.
Agree, this is good news. This means that in 97% of cases it is still possible to do something. But as you can imagine, the above statistics differentiates into two groups the accidents that have already occurred. Worse with the other - there is no data on how many accidents were still avoided. Let me explain. At first glance, the encouraging statistic that there are very few inevitable accidents turns out to be not so good. Because for one reason or another, these accidents did occur. And even, on the contrary, it turns out that in 97% of cases it was possible to avoid sad consequences, but this, unfortunately, did not happen. Maybe the drivers did not have enough skill, maybe the technique let down.
So the question branches into two directions:
- how to prevent such cases;
- how to avoid collision.
It's all about technology!
Maybe this does not look as categorical as it really is, but, nevertheless, it is an important aspect of security. And there are many options. Naturally, we will not go into details and consider all the options for influence technical condition car for accidents in motion. Moreover, many malfunctions do not affect, for example, the toxicity of the exhaust. I want to tell the readers of MirSovetov about the most obvious and significant of them. It is easy to guess that the braking system has the greatest impact.
Let's look at it a little wider than it is done in a driving school. When the driver acts on the brake pedal, the pads brake the wheels, and the latter, due to the adhesion of the tires with road surface- the whole car. Every element in this chain is extremely important. Does the main brake cylinder, whether the brake hoses are intact, whether the working cylinders are in good order, the operation of the brakes depends on all this. But not their effectiveness, which mainly depends on other factors. Namely, from the tightness of the hydraulic drive system and the applied brake fluid, from the state brake pads and disks (drums), as well as on the condition of the tires. The latter are the most important elements of active car safety.
And what exactly does “active safety element” mean? In simple terms, it is an element that will help directly avoid danger. "Element passive safety"Is the element that protects people in the event of a collision. For example. Active safety elements: tires, brake system, suspension (chassis elements), power steering (power steering) and other power steering; anti-lock braking system brakes (ABS); electronic brake force distribution system, etc. Passive safety - predicted places of body deformation (energy absorbing body); airbags; seat belt pretensioners; traumatic design of interior trim, etc.
So the tires should not only be not very worn out and not have defects, but also be the same on all wheels. And in addition to match the season.
Braking methods differ depending on the seasons, current road conditions and the presence or absence of ABS. It is important to understand one thing - unreasonably sharp braking, as well as delay with braking can appear the cause of the accident... In addition, skid braking without ABS tends to cause the vehicle to skid. Without ABS, intermittent braking is required on slippery roads. With such a system, do not repeat the same experience. ABS is a one-time strong application of the brake.
Oddly enough, a stalled car is also a source of increased accidents. Why? Any unforeseen and unexpected actions on the road are a potential danger. If the car suddenly stops, then this will create an unforeseen and very emergency situation. Therefore, the serviceability of the engine must be carefully monitored. Not to mention the understandable things like caring for undercarriage and optics. By the way, even the cleanliness of glasses, mirrors, lanterns and headlights is also very important, especially in the dark. Moreover, it is useful to turn on the dipped headlights even during daylight hours with good visibility. This allows you to designate a car that becomes more noticeable (it is detected faster), and the detection distance increases noticeably, i.e. a car with headlights on is noticeable from afar.
It is necessary to take into account the color of your iron friend. The best perception is in two colors - white and red (yellow). White becomes less visible in winter, because merges with the snow. If you are the owner of a "dark horse", then the speed of detection of your car, especially when it is dark, is much lower than that of light counterparts. True, if you already have a car, then nothing can be done, you just need to take this into account.
A very dangerous moment when only one headlight is on. Then it is difficult for others to decide whether it is a motorcycle or a car. And if the latter, then on which side does it have a "continuation", tk. it is not known what kind of headlight it is - left or right. We must beware of the "one-eyed" and take as far as possible to the right. And, of course, do not allow "one-eyed" in your "horse".
The most important conditioning factor in most situations, as you can imagine, is, of course, the driver. And everything depends on his decisions, I'm not afraid of this word! So let's talk about what the driver can do.
Your driving behavior
Sitting behind the wheel, we take responsibility not only for ourselves, but also for those around us - passengers, other road users, including pedestrians. These responsibilities derive from the definition of the vehicle as a source of increased danger.Therefore, it is necessary to be very attentive and reverent to everything. And you need to start from the very beginning - from how you get behind the wheel. And you should sit down in a healthy state, rested and calm. Your behavior on the road, quality and speed of reaction depends on it. I hope that there is no need to tell you that you should not take alcoholic beverages (even weak ones, because they also greatly reduce the reaction), a number of medications, etc.
The second is how you sit down. And this must be done, on the one hand, so that it is convenient. This prevents muscle strain and reduces overall fatigue. But, on the other hand, it is not very imposing, so that there is no over-relaxation. Only correct fit allows you to correctly see the traffic situation, as well as correctly assess it. The point here is that the human vestibular apparatus works correctly only with the vertical position of the body.
Okay, sit down. Do not forget to buckle up yourself and follow the passengers. Believe me, this not only saves you from fines, but also significantly increases your safety.
And here you, out of habit, turn on the music so that the rest can be content with just this. The case is, of course, yours. But this, firstly, loads your psyche, and, secondly, deprives you of some information. For example, you will not hear the noise of an approaching car in your neighborhood, and it is quite possible that you will not hear the warning signals. Try to manipulate all auxiliary systems when stopping at traffic lights, etc.
Also, some aromas of "fragrances" can adversely affect the psyche. Try to avoid harsh and offensive odors in your car, which can lead to fatigue and / or allergic reactions. It will be extremely unpleasant if, for example, you constantly sneeze.
That's it, let's go! But wait, how do you keep your hands on the steering wheel? And in general, do you keep your hands on it? This is also extremely important! Hands, except in cases of manipulation of controls, should always be on the steering wheel. It takes a split second to return even one hand to the steering wheel. Nonsense, you say, and you will be wrong! If it is necessary to perform an emergency maneuver, these fractions of a second may not be enough. And turning the steering wheel with one hand to the required angle, and quickly, is not realistic.
Not to mention the complete release of the steering wheel from the hands when driving. The front wheel can run over an obstacle (a stone, a hole, etc.) and the steering wheel will spontaneously turn to a certain angle, the car will unexpectedly change the direction of movement for you and those around you. And God forbid he flattens the wheel! Then the only salvation is a reliable fixation of the steering wheel with two hands. This is especially true for those who do not have a power steering (GUR). Power steering takes the blow, saving your hands from injury.
When driving, try not to constantly look at one point. This, firstly, greatly tires the eyesight, and secondly, it deprives you of useful information... Moreover, it is necessary not only to move the gaze, but also to turn the head. Look in the mirrors, occasionally at the dashboard. View the carriageway through windshield, if possible, capturing both sides of the road. Only without fanaticism! Do not stare at the mirrors, devices and the roadside - you may miss the moment of braking of the vehicle in front or the moment of wedging in front of you. IN accident case you will be guilty of not keeping a safe distance.
Before leaving the parking lot, check the condition of the brakes and the quality of the adhesion of the wheels to the surface. What? Deployed? This means that the brakes are in good order, and the road is slippery (if there is no ABS, because with the presence of it, the car does not skid). Be extremely vigilant. Consider also the fact that cold brakes are ineffective, and cold tires need to be run in. Yes, yes, it is in the running-in, tk. during parking, the lower part of the tire is deformed.
The biggest danger is a slippery road. And it's not just the icy road that can be slippery. Wet road also much more slippery than dry. Do not rely on tires and spikes, rely only on yourself! Keep a decent distance from the vehicle in front. Watch out for lovers to wedge in. Keep adequate spacing (distance between beads). Especially at crossroads, where ice build-up (rolls) is formed due to braking / acceleration. When starting off or braking on slippery surface skidding may occur. Moreover, a skid occurs most often when starting off, and on the front when braking (if you suddenly throw the gas). Moreover, a drift can occur not only for you, but also for the "neighbors".
And the most important thing. Choose your speed wisely! For example, on a snow run or on bare ice, no spikes will prevent collisions with a shortage of distance, which occurs when too high a speed and low braking dynamics.
On a slippery road, you need to become a strategist, i.e. learn to predict the situation. And for this you need to see the situation well and have experience. But experience, as the famous poet has well noted, is the son of difficult mistakes. God grant that these mistakes do not have dire consequences. And the most interesting thing. How to accumulate this experience? There is only one answer - only practice! And this is where the fun begins. Let's call on mathematics to help, namely the theory of probability. So it says that the more attempts, the higher the likelihood of an event occurring. Shifting it over to our topic, we get. The more trips we make, the higher the likelihood of getting into an unpleasant situation. But on the other hand, even unpleasant situations are also experienced. And then the opposite happens - the more experience, the less likely you are to get into an accident. And what is most interesting is that the accident rate depends on experience approximately as shown in the graph.
Beginners (point # 1 on the graph) get into trouble due to lack of experience, but they usually drive carefully and carefully. Then the accident rate falls, tk. the coveted experience appears (point # 2). But an "excess" of experience can also be harmful if a person, considering himself an ace, loses vigilance and caution (point # 3). Therefore, you cannot relax and rely only on your experience. There are others, incl. very inexperienced drivers. Remember - there is no limit to improvement! We must try to transform the above graph into the following form. 
Feel free to admit your mistakes and work on them. Do not under any circumstances engage in self-deception and complacency. Again, the most dangerous time is the off-season and winter, when the weather is changeable and the adhesion of the tires to the road surface is just as changeable.
Accidentally dangerous situations on the road
In the off-season problems in road traffic more than enough. And not everyone is good at adapting to them. Someone has not yet "changed the shoe", someone does not know how to adjust to the road, to weather conditions. And you, as a seasoned rider, already know and know how, and for you this is not a problem. It is a pity, but this knowledge and skills do not always save you from other inexperienced colleagues along the way. Therefore, advice: if there is no urgent need, then it is better to wait out such periods, whatever your experience. Let the rest of the participants gain experience and get used to the situation. At the very least, it is advisable to reduce the number of trips. By the way, for the same reason, it is undesirable to travel on the most emergency day of the week - Monday. Many after the weekend lost the habit of the car, and, given Russian specifics, many are in precarious health conditions. A little distracted, we continue. And when, at last, the rather protracted "day of the tinsmith" is over, then you can safely go to conquer the road expanses of the country. Stop! But then you will find yourself unprepared, because, whatever the experience, it still takes time to remember and get used to. But, fortunately, it is still easier and much faster. Remember the saying: "It is better to be a ram among wise men than a wise man among sheep." She comes in handy here.
When driving on a two-way road in icy ice, if possible, try not to move in the left lane. There is an extremely unpleasant situation. A car takes off from the oncoming lane, it just slipped, but you collide head-on. In any case, in such a collision, you are guaranteed serious consequences, and maybe even a fatal outcome. And do not flatter yourself, whatever your reaction, you will not have time to do anything. And if you "jump out" a few meters away from you, you will not even have time to think about something, let alone do something. This situation is just one of the inevitable accidents. It can be avoided only in one case - as I already told you, do not climb into the left lane unnecessarily. Maybe you will arrive from point "A" to point "B" a little later, but the probability that you will get there is much higher.
The left lane is generally much more emergency, tk. higher speed and next to the oncoming lane - consider this fact. True, the extreme right lane also carries a latent danger. Although there are no cars on the right, and in this regard it is easier, because no need to follow the starboard side (almost no need), but pedestrians can jump out there, like saigas out of the forest. Therefore, here too, I advise the readers of MirSovetov to adhere to the "golden mean" - the middle rows, if any.
Based on the foregoing, I note that the most dangerous two-lane roads with two-way traffic (one lane per side). On them you are at the same time in the far left and in the far right rows. If you can drive around a wider street or road with one-way traffic, do it!
Two-lane carriageways are also dangerous by overtaking, which, of course, is possible in this case only in the opposite lane.
Let's talk about overtaking. In this case, we are not concerned with the very concept of overtaking. For the purposes of this article, overtaking will mean any advancing vehicle in front. Of course, the most dangerous maneuver is overtaking in the opposite lane. It is important to understand that such a dangerous maneuver should be made only after everything is well thought out and calculated. No need to go to overtake for the sake of overtaking, especially in winter.
Let's start by estimating the distance to the nearest oncoming vehicle. At the same time, God forbid, someone will also start a similar event at the oncoming lane! If, nevertheless, you, having measured the possibilities of acceleration of your car and the speed of approaching the oncoming vehicle, think that the distance will be enough even with a margin, then go ahead. But here's how to do it better? To estimate the distance and overtake, it is better to "give a head start" to the overtaken one, i.e. you need to lag behind him a little. Then you get a field for acceleration while still in your lane, which plays into the hands of not so powerful vehicles that do not have a chic acceleration dynamics. And also more good overview, the latter is very important for "right-handed" cars. Remember the basic rule of overtaking - it must be performed as quickly as possible, therefore, you must dial high speed... This speed, more precisely, its superiority over the overtaken should be at least 20 ... 30 km / h.
Another tip for overtaking. Never brake when overtaking! Firstly, you practically no longer control what is behind, because there is no time to do this. And your place could already be taken and there is nowhere to return. Secondly, other cars could have followed you, which is called a "locomotive", and this often happens, and your braking will lead to an "accordion". In these cases, you will no longer be able to gain speed again. Evaluate, if there is little space left before the oncoming car, whether you have time to accelerate so that you can get into the "scissors" into the converging space between the oncoming and overtaken cars. Not? Then we show the left turn signal (if possible, in order to exclude the same maneuver from the oncoming car) and drive to the side of the road if there are no people there. If there is, then we slow down, tk. there is no other way out, and we are preparing to strike. Hope you haven't forgotten to buckle up before your trip?
Overtaking, which is not connected with leaving the oncoming lane, is less dangerous, but still there is a possibility that someone will change lanes from another lane and you will meet when changing lanes (the one on the left will be to blame).
Therefore, overtaking is one of the most dangerous maneuvers on the road. You need to think ten times before deciding on this act. This advice is especially relevant if you are not alone in the car - innocent people may suffer.
Head-on collisions are best avoided in all situations. As mentioned above, they are often fatal.
Drive carefully and carefully through intersections, especially unregulated ones. It is far from the fact that you will be given a legal advantage in the movement. Look in all directions, do it quickly. Never skip! If, approaching an intersection, you see that "green" is on for you and has been doing this for a long time, then do not accelerate in the hope of "oh, I will pass!", But start slowing down smoothly. To begin with, slowly release the gas pedal. Better to light up the brake lights at least briefly to inform others of your intention to brake. It is also advisable to refrain from driving through the intersection at the blinking "green", because there are those who want to turn left, and they can do this according to traffic rules only either in the absence of interference, or at the end of the "green" traffic light. I emphasize that according to the traffic rules, they are obliged to complete the maneuver (free the intersection) even at the prohibiting traffic light. "Flyers" just "catch" them.
Also try to avoid “false starts” (as soon as the “yellow” light comes on) for the same reasons.
Here are, perhaps, two of the most dangerous maneuver- overtaking and driving through intersections.
Emergency actions before an accident
But what to do if an accident is already inevitable? Naturally, the first step is to try to avoid a head-on collision and slow down as much as possible. But here we need to remember about the technique. If the car is with ABS, then everything is relatively simple - we brake as hard as possible and turn the steering wheel in the right direction. ABS allows you to maintain controllability. Without ABS, you will have to combine. It is unlikely that in such a situation you will be able to intermittently apply the brake. It will be better to brake and turn the steering wheel a little (before the wheels lock).There is also a little trick - the handbrake. You can quickly correct the direction of movement of the car on any surface (even on bare ice) using the handbrake. It's that simple! First, turn the steering wheel in the direction you need (preferably not on the opposite lane), then sharply tighten the handbrake. Rear wheels are blocked, and the car starts to skid. As soon as there was a turn to the required angle, release the handbrake.
Before the collision, take the correct position, lean back as much as possible and press against the back of the seat, and rest your left foot on the floor. Try not to let go of the steering wheel! This will help to maintain control until the last, because the car can be thrown away. Naturally, in case of serious accidents, it will be thrown away regardless of this, since the car is first thrown up, and then thrown in one direction or another.
Much depends on the car brand and its manufacturer. In most cases, foreign cars are much safer domestic cars and allow to survive the majority of road accidents without serious consequences for people in them. There are, however, unsuccessful models, for example, Daewoo nexia which is quite dangerous.
Alas, our cars are much more dangerous. This is especially true of the so-called "classics", where one can say there are no elements of passive safety, but active safety very modest. In the event of a serious accident, the body loses its structural integrity and clamps its occupants. Alas, the owners of these cars are at increased risk. And here we must do everything possible and impossible to avoid head-on collisions.
Much also depends on the body of the car. Or rather, from its mass. The higher the mass, the greater the moment of inertia. When a heavy car collides with a lighter one, the first one will "pass" the second and the light vehicle will receive the greatest damage. Blow from over tall cars can fall into the glazing area and cause injury much more severe than in a collision of "peers". But tall cars also have vulnerability - they are less stable, which leads to an increased risk of rollovers.
And God forbid colliding with trucks - they can flatten very much.
If, nevertheless, a collision occurred, then try not to fall into a trance, assess the severity of the situation, if necessary, provide first aid and call the special services, and find witnesses. Do not panic, do everything carefully and carefully.
But about what to do after an accident, we will tell the readers of MirSovetov in the next article. Remember the simple truth - the safety pedal is the gas, and not, as is customary, the brake. By choosing your speed wisely, you will save yourself a lot of problems on the road. As they say, you drive quieter - you will continue!
Good luck in conquering road and life roads! See you!
The traffic police published statistics of road accidents for the first half of 2013. The main types of accidents are collisions and collisions. Pay attention to the recommendations on how to act and behave when driving when an impact is imminent.
(Total 7 photos and videos)
As a rule, a collision occurs when the car becomes uncontrollable and the human reaction is no longer enough to prevent an accident. Many drivers in a stressful situation think first of all about how to minimize damage to the car, and because of this, they make erroneous decisions, which sometimes turn out to be fatal.
The most important thing in emergency- this is to save the life and health of people!
In the event of an imminent accident, the driver needs to solve the most important problem in a minimum period of time: how to preserve life and health.
1. First of all, if possible, it is worth warning other road users about the danger by giving a sound or light signal.
2. If a head-on collision is imminent, if you are a passenger and are wearing a seat belt, quickly cover your face with your hands, especially your eyes. Yes, this is not a joke! This is what will help you protect your face and eyes from injury.
3. If you are in critical situation not wearing a seat belt, you must immediately lie sideways on the passenger seat located next to it: this will avoid hitting dangerous objects in flight. Many serious and fatal injuries are caused by impacts on the side parts.
4. If you are a driver, try to keep your feet away from the pedals: you may suffer from serious fractures of the legs and feet.
5. If you are in danger of a side impact, grip the steering wheel or handrail with your hands, or you may be thrown onto the car door or glass. At the same time, be prepared to take the necessary action depending on the situation: after a collision, you may have to align the car with the steering wheel, press the brake, or something else.
Among novice drivers, there is a perception that rear impacts are almost not dangerous, but this is a serious mistake. It is especially difficult in such a situation for those who do not have head restraints in the car: as a result of the impact, a person's head is thrown back, but since his body remains on the seat, this can lead to a fracture of the cervical vertebrae.
6. In the event that you notice a vehicle approaching from behind and understand that a collision is inevitable (there is nowhere to rebuild, it is impossible to move to the side of the road, etc.), put your hands on the steering wheel and be ready to change the direction of movement immediately after the impact, as well as use the brake pedal ... A collision can be avoided by sharply increasing the speed (if the traffic situation allows it).
7. If you are standing at an intersection and see that a rear impact is imminent, release the brake pedal (this will soften the impact), but press it immediately after the accident to prevent entering the intersection (pedestrian crossing) or collision with vehicle in front of you. With all your strength, put your hands on the steering wheel, with your back against the back of the seat and press the back of your head against the headrest.
8. Press the key. sound signal and turn on the emergency light signaling to notify others about an imminent accident.
We hope that these tips will help you and your family to stay safe and sound in a critical situation in the
The worst of all types of road traffic accidents is a head-on collision of cars. Is it possible to avoid it and what should be done for this?
Causes of head-on collisions
Most often, such accidents occur due to neglect of the rules for overtaking, followed by accidents caused by loss of vehicle control, and the driver's sleep at the wheel closes the top three causes of head-on collisions.
Further, the ways to avoid head-to-head collisions in each of the above cases will be discussed in detail, and recipes for salvation from such situations will be provided not for the perpetrators of road accidents, but specifically for those drivers in whose lane an oncoming car suddenly appeared.
Violation of the rules for overtaking
violated due to either inexperience or excessive self-confidence of the car driver.
While overtaking and entering the oncoming lane, such a would-be driver suddenly realizes that there is no way to interrupt or complete the maneuver in order to return to his own lane.
What should be done in such cases for the driver, towards whom the overtaking car is rushing?
If the distance permits, it is necessary to slow down to a minimum to allow the reckless driver or an inexperienced beginner to complete overtaking and return to his lane. It is also advisable to inform him about your presence using sound and light signals.
This is what most drivers subconsciously do. And if the distance to the oncoming car is too short?
In this case, the only way out of the critical situation is to exit to the side of the road. Be careful, as the driver of an oncoming vehicle can perform a similar maneuver.
If you notice that it moves to the edge of the carriageway in the direction of the shoulder, continue driving in your lane, continuing emergency braking.
Uncontrollable skid
Leaving the oncoming lane on a wet or icy road is dangerous because its driver is not able to change the nature of the movement of an uncontrolled vehicle.
In this case, the outcome of the emergency situation largely depends on the composure and literacy of the driver of the car moving towards him in his lane.
The procedure depends on how close a skidded vehicle is to you.
If it is relatively far away, it is enough to slow down the gas and begin to brake smoothly, while continuing to closely monitor the trajectory of the oncoming vehicle.
The fact is that a car that has got into a skid, after a rather short period of time, either stops or, in extreme cases, it will be carried off the road to the side of the road.
If the uncontrolled car is quite close to you, but it is just beginning to drift into your lane, in such a situation you should not slow down - it is better to accelerate by pressing the accelerator pedal in order to have time to jump out of the zone of possible impact.
If the oncoming car brings you directly to you and at the same time it occupies your entire lane, the only salvation from a mutual blow will be going to the right side of the road or into a ditch.
Asleep driver
Most often, truck drivers fall asleep from overwork. As a result, a multi-ton truck rushes along the oncoming lane, not hurrying to leave it.
In such cases, there is still a faint hope that the sleeping driver will be able to wake up using sound and light signals, but you should not abuse and pull to the last, it is better to take care of your own safety and passengers in advance.
If distance permits, it is best to pull onto the side of the road, stop the vehicle and leave as soon as possible.
When time and space is not enough, for your own salvation it is better to pull over to the side of the road, and then into a ditch.
There is still an option to disperse with an uncontrollable truck on the right sides, but it requires composure and driving skills.
At the same time, there is a guarantee that the moment you go around the truck in the oncoming lane, its driver will not wake up and turn the steering wheel to the right, trying to return the truck to his lane.
Good luck to you! Not a nail, not a rod!
