Power units are designed for operation at ambient temperatures from minus 60 ° C to plus 50 ° C, relative humidity up to 98% at a temperature of 25 ° C, dust content up to 0.4 g / m³, as well as driving in mountainous conditions at an altitude up to 4500m above sea level and overcoming passes up to 4650m above sea level with a corresponding decrease in power and economic indicators. Appearance The YaMZ-7511.10 engine with individual cylinder heads and a lamellar liquid-oil cooler (LMT) is shown in Fig. 1, and the comparative indicators of YaMZ-7511 engines are shown in Table 1.
Fig. 1- Power unit YaMZ-7511.10 with individual cylinder heads
| Powertrain model | YaMZ - 7511.10 | YaMZ - 7512.10 | YaMZ - 7513.10 | YaMZ - 7514.10 | YaMZ - 7601.10 | |||
| engine's type | Four-stroke with compression ignition and turbocharging | |||||||
| Number of cylinders | 8 | 6 | ||||||
| Arrangement of cylinders | V-shaped, camber angle 90º | |||||||
| The order of the cylinders | 1 - 5 - 4 - 2 - 6 - 3 - 7 - 8 | 1 - 4 - 2 - 5 - 3 - 6 | ||||||
| Cylinder numbering scheme | See fig 2 | |||||||
| Direction of rotation crankshaft | Right | |||||||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | |||||||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | |||||||
| Working volume, l | 14,86 | 11,15 | ||||||
| Compression ratio | 16,5 | |||||||
| Rated power, kW (hp) | 294 (400) | 264 (360) | 309 (420) | 277 (375) | 220 (300) | |||
| Crankshaft rotation frequency at rated power, min -1 | 1900 | 1500 | 1900 | |||||
| Maximum torque, Nm (kgfm) | 1715 (175) | 1570 (160) | 1813 (185) | - | 1274 (130) | |||
| Rotational speed at maximum torque, min -1 | 1100 - 1300 | - | 1100 - 1300 | |||||
| Rotation frequency idle move, min -1: | maximum | 2150 | 1650 | 2150 | ||||
| minimal | 600 ± 50 | 950 ± 50 | 600 ± 50 | |||||
| Specific fuel consumption by speed characteristic, g / kW h (g / hp h): | minimum | 194 (143) | 197 (145) | - | 197 (145) | |||
| at rated power | 215 (158) | 208 (153) | 215 (158) | |||||
| Specific oil consumption for waste in% to fuel consumption, no more | 0,2 | |||||||
| Speed characteristic | See Figure 3 | See Figure 4 | See fig 5 | - | See fig 6 | |||
| Mixing method | Direct injection | |||||||
| The combustion chamber | Unseparated type in piston | |||||||
| Camshaft | Common to both banks of cylinders, with gear drive | |||||||
| Gas distribution phases: | intake valves | opening, deg. to TDC | 21,5 | |||||
| closing, deg. after NMT | 31,5 | |||||||
|
graduation valves |
opening, deg. to TDC | 63 | ||||||
| closing, deg. after NMT | 29,5 | |||||||
| Number of valves per cylinder | One inlet and one outlet | |||||||
| Thermal clearances valves on a cold engine, mm | 0,25 — 0,30 | |||||||
| Lubrication system | Mixed, with oil cooling in a liquid-oil heat exchanger (LMC): crankshaft bearings are lubricated under pressure, camshaft, rocker arm axes, fuel pump high pressure, turbocharger; the rest of the rubbing surfaces are sprayed on. | |||||||
| Oil pump | Gear type, single section | |||||||
| Oil pressure in a warm engine in the block line kPa (kgf / cm 2): | at rated speed |
400 - 700 (4 - 7) |
300 - 600 (3 - 6) | 400 - 700 (4 - 7) | ||||
| at minimum speed, not less | 100 (1) | |||||||
| Oil filters | Two: full flow filter fine cleaning oils (PFTOM) with a replaceable filter element and a centrifugal oil cleaner (CM) | |||||||
| Oil cooling system | With a liquid-oil heat exchanger (LHMT), which is installed on the engine, plate or tubular type | |||||||
| Oil piston cooling system | Nozzles for jet oil cooling of pistons with holes ∅2.5mm are located on the pipes on the right and left sides of the engine with oil withdrawal through a 6mm throttle bushing in the section of the engine lubrication system between the LMC and the PFT | |||||||
| Oil pressure of the beginning of opening of the lubrication system valves, kPa (kgf / cm 2): | pressure reducing valve oil pump | 700 - 800 (7,0 - 8,0) | ||||||
| differential valve | 490 - 520 (4,9 - 5,2) | |||||||
| bypass valve oil filter | 200 - 250 (2,0 - 2,5) | |||||||
| oil filter bypass valve opening indicator | 180 - 230 (1,8 - 2,3) | |||||||
| ZhMT bypass valve | 274 ± 25 (2.8 ± 0.25) (only for plate type LMC) | |||||||
| Fuel supply system | Split type | |||||||
| High pressure fuel pump with regulator and fuel priming pump |
Eight-section, plunger, spool-type plungers. | Six-section, plunger, spool-type plungers. | ||||||
| Injection pump model | 175. 1111005 - 40 | 175. 1111005 - 60 | 175. 1111005 - 50 | 19E 175.1111005 | 135. 1111005 - 10 | |||
| The order of work of the sections of the fuel pump | 1 - 3 - 6 - 2 - 4 - 5 - 7 - 8 | 1 - 2 - 3 - 5 - 4 - 6 | ||||||
| Speed regulator | Centrifugal, all-mode | |||||||
| Fuel priming pump | Reciprocating piston with manual fuel priming pump | |||||||
| Injectors | Closed type, with multi-hole nozzles: | on engines with common heads - 267. 1112010 - 02 or 204. 1112010 - 50. 01 | ||||||
| on engines with individual heads - 51. 1112010 - 01 | ||||||||
| Pressure of the beginning of injection of the nozzle, MPa (kgf / cm 2) | 26,5 +0,8 (270 +8) - 267. 1112010 - 02
26,5 +1,2 (270 +12) - 204. 1112010 - 50. 01 26,5 +1,2 (270 +12) - 51. 1112010 - 01 |
|||||||
| Installation angle of advance of injection of fuel | It is installed according to the marks on the flywheel and the injection pump housing: | on engines with common heads - (6 +1) º | ||||||
| on engines with individual heads - (8 +1) º | ||||||||
| Fuel filters: | rough cleaning | Sump filter | ||||||
| fine cleaning | With replaceable filter element. There is a bypass nozzle valve on the cover. Opening pressure of the nozzle valve 20-40 (0.2-0.4) kPa (kgf / cm 2) | |||||||
| Pressurization system | Gas turbine single turbocharger with radial centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor | |||||||
| Turbocharger | Model 122 (YaMZ), K - 36 - 87 - 01 or K36 - 30 - 01 (Czech Republic), TKR - 100 (Turbotechnics) | Model 122 - 07 (YaMZ), TKR - 90 (Turbotechnics) | ||||||
| Boost pressure (excess) at the nominal operating mode, kPa (kgf / cm 2) | 125 (1,25) | |||||||
| Cooling system | Liquid, closed type, with forced circulation of the coolant. Equipped with a thermostatic device for automatically maintaining the thermal mode of the engine | |||||||
| Water pump | Centrifugal type, belt driven | |||||||
| Fan | Six-blade, gear-driven and friction clutch turn on the fan | |||||||
| Liquid - oil heat exchanger | Plate or tubular type. Equipped with a tap or plug for draining the coolant. | |||||||
| Thermostats | With solid filler. The opening temperature is 80 ºС. | |||||||
| Electrical equipment | Single-wire circuit. Rated voltage 24V. | |||||||
| Generator | Alternating current, with a belt double-strand drive, with a nominal voltage of 28V. The generator model is determined by the equipment. See complete set | |||||||
| Starting device | Electric starter Maud. 25.3708 - 21 or 4581 (Slovakia), rated voltage 24V. To facilitate starting a cold engine, an electric torch device is provided |
|||||||
| Clutch | See complete set | |||||||
| Transmission | See complete set | |||||||
| Refueling capacity, l | engine lubrication system | 32 | 24 | |||||
| cooling system (without radiator volume and expansion tank) | 22 | 17 | ||||||
| Transmission | See section "transmission" | |||||||
| Weight of the uncharged power unit complete delivery, kg: |
With individual cylinder heads |
without clutch and box gear |
1250 | 1010 |
||||
| with clutch | 1295 | - | - | |||||
| 1685 | - | 1385 | ||||||
| With common cylinder heads | without clutch and gearbox | 1215 | - | |||||
| with clutch | 1260 | - | - | |||||
| with clutch and gearbox | 1635 | - | - | |||||
| Overall dimensions, mm | See fig. 7 and 8 | |||||||
The YaMZ-7511 engine has been produced by the Yaroslavl Motor Plant since 1996. It is intended for installation on MAZ vehicles. A new generation of 8-cylinder diesel engines of the D x S = 130 x 140 mm family - YaMZ-7511 and its modifications - with a capacity of 360-420 hp. meets the basic technical and economic requirements of modern automotive engineering... All models have successfully passed certification tests, which is confirmed by international certificates of compliance with environmental standards Euro-2. At the same time, design and research work is underway to achieve more stringent Euro-3 standards. The promising engines of this family have a wide range of potential consumers, including largest manufacturers cars, main-line road trains, tractors and other equipment in Russia. Belarus, Ukraine.
Design features: The engine is equipped with fuel equipment of the "Compact-40" type with increased injection energy up to 1200 kg / cm, fan clutch, crankshaft torsional vibration damper, improved characteristics of inlet and outlet channels. The engine has a built-in liquid-oil heat exchanger, a new cylinder-piston group with more effective system oil cooling, a water pump with increased productivity, an upgraded oil filtration system, etc. Made for the installation of an air-to-air charge air cooler on a vehicle.
Engines YaMZ-7511.10, YaMZ-7511.10-06, YaMZ-7512.10 are four-stroke, with compression ignition, with a V-shaped arrangement of cylinders and gas turbine supercharging.
Number of cylinders: 8
Cylinder diameter, mm: 130
Piston stroke, mm: 140
Working volume of cylinders, l: 14.86
Compression ratio: 16.5
Engine speed at rated power min -1: 1900 (+50, -20)
Crankshaft rotation frequency at maximum torque, min -1, not more: 1100-1300
Engine idling speed, min:
minimum: 550-650
maximum, not more: 2150
Weight of the unfilled engine in the scope of delivery, kg:
a) with individual cylinder heads
without clutch: 1250
with clutch: 1295
a) with common cylinder heads
without clutch: 1215
with clutch: 1260
SPECIFICATIONS
Mixing method: Direct injection.
Fuel supply equipment: Divided.
High pressure fuel pump: Eight-plunger.
Speed controller: Centrifugal, all-mode with boost corrector.
Injectors: Closed, with a multi-hole spray.
Turbocharger 12.1118010: Radial centripetal turbine; centrifugal compressor.
Lubrication system: Mixed: under pressure and spray, with oil cooling in a liquid-oil heat exchanger. In addition, oil is supplied through a system of channels and pipelines for jet cooling of the pistons.
Oil filters: Two: full-flow with replaceable filter elements and centrifugal with a jet drive.
Oil pump: Single section, gear type.
Cooling system: Liquid, closed type, with forced circulation of the coolant; equipped with a thermostatic device.
Starting device: Starter 2501.3708-01, direct current, sequential excitation with electromagnetic drive... Rated power 8.2 kW (11 HP), rated voltage 24 V.
Starting aid: Electric torch device.
Generator 6582.3701-03: Alternating current with a belt double-strand drive, rated voltage 28 V, with built-in voltage regulator, with a maximum load current of 80 A.
Clutch: YaMZ-184. Diaphragm, single-disk, pull-out type.
Transmission: It is possible to install gearboxes manufactured according to the dimensional code No. 1 ISO 7648 (SAE No. 1), or others as agreed with the customer.
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Diesel Engines trucks and tractors. Spare parts, adjustments and repairs.
_______________________________________________________________
Diesel engine YaMZ-7511
Diesel engine YaMZ-7511 produced by Yaroslavl motor plant created for heavy vehicles MAZ and special equipment and has good fuel and economic, efficient and performance characteristics. Environmental standard motor complies with EURO-2.
The appearance of the YaMZ-7511.10 diesel engine with individual cylinder heads and a lamellar liquid-oil radiator (LMT) is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 - Power unit YaMZ-7511 with individual cylinder heads
Technical characteristics of the YaMZ-7511 diesel engine
Engine type - Four-stroke with compression ignition and turbocharging
Number of cylinders - 8
The arrangement of the cylinders is V-shaped, the camber angle is 90 degrees
The order of the cylinders - 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8
Direction of rotation of the crankshaft - Right
Cylinder diameter, mm - 130
Piston stroke, mm - 140
Working volume, l - 14.86
Compression ratio - 16.5
Rated power, kW (hp) - 294 (400)
Crankshaft speed at rated power, min-1 - 1900
Maximum torque, Nm (kgcm) - 1715 (175)
Rotational speed at maximum torque, min-1 - 1100-1300
Idling speed, min-1:
Maximum - 2150
- minimum - 600 ± 50
Specific fuel consumption by speed characteristic, g / kW h (g / hp h):
Minimum - 194 (143)
- at rated power - 215 (158)
Specific oil consumption for waste in% to fuel consumption, no more - 0.2
Mixing method - Direct injection
Combustion chamber - Unseparated type in piston
Camshaft - Common to both cylinder banks, gear driven
Gas distribution phases:
Inlet valves - opening, deg. to TDC - 21.5 / closing, deg. after NMT - 31.5
- exhaust valves- opening, deg. to TDC - 63 / closing, deg. after NMT - 29.5
Valves per cylinder - One inlet and one outlet
Thermal valve clearances on a cold engine, mm - 0.25-0.30
YAMZ-7511 diesel lubrication system
Type - Mixed, with oil cooling in a liquid-oil heat exchanger (LMC): bearings of the crankshaft, camshaft, rocker arm axles, high-pressure fuel pump, turbocharger are lubricated under pressure; the rest of the rubbing surfaces are sprayed on.
Oil pump - Gear type, single section
Oil pressure in a warm engine in the block line kPa (kgf / cm2):
At rated speed - 400-700 (4-7)
- at minimum speed, not less - 100 (1)
Oil filters - Two: a full-flow fine oil filter (PFTOM) with a replaceable filter element and a centrifugal oil cleaner (CM)
Oil cooling system - With an engine-mounted liquid-oil heat exchanger (LMC), plate or tubular type
Piston oil cooling system - Nozzles for jet oil cooling of pistons with 2.5 mm holes are located on the pipes on the right and left sides of the engine with oil withdrawal through a 6 mm throttle bushing at the section of the engine lubrication system between the LMC and PFTOM.
Oil pressure of the beginning of opening of the lubrication system valves, kPa (kgf / cm2):
Oil pump pressure reducing valve - 700-800 (7.0-8.0)
- differential valve - 490-520 (4.9-5.2)
- oil filter bypass valve - 200-250 (2.0-2.5)
- signaling device for opening the oil filter bypass valve - 180-230 (1.8-2.3)
- bypass valve ZhMT 274 ± 25 (2.8 ± 0.25) (only for plate type ZhMT)
Fuel system of the YaMZ-7511.10 engine
Type - Split type
High pressure fuel pump with regulator and fuel priming pump - Eight-section, plunger, spool-type plungers.
TNVD model - 175.1111005-40
The order of operation of the fuel pump sections - 1-3-6-2-4-5-7-8
Speed controller - Centrifugal, all-mode
Fuel priming pump - Piston with manual fuel priming pump
Injectors - Closed type, with multi-hole nozzles: on engines with common heads - 267.1112010-02 or 204.1112010-50.01 / on engines with individual heads - 51.1112010-01
The setting angle of the fuel injection advance (It is set according to the marks on the flywheel and the injection pump housing):
On engines with common heads - (6 + 1) degrees
- on engines with individual heads - (8 + 1) degrees
Fuel filters:
Coarse Purification - Filter Sump
- fine cleaning - With a replaceable filter element. There is a bypass nozzle valve on the cover. Opening pressure of the nozzle valve 20-40 (0.2-0.4) kPa (kgf / cm2)
Pressurization system - Gas turbine single turbocharger with radial centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor
Turbocharger - Model 122 (YaMZ)
Boost pressure (excess) at rated operating mode, kPa (kgf / cm2) - 125 (1.25)
Cooling system of the YaMZ-7511 diesel engine
Type - Liquid, closed type, with forced circulation of the coolant.
The cooling system is equipped with a thermostatic device to automatically maintain the thermal mode of the engine.
Water Pump - Belt driven centrifugal type. Fan - Six-bladed, with a gear drive and a friction clutch for switching on the fan.
Oil-liquid heat exchanger - Plate or tube type. Equipped with a tap or plug for draining the coolant.
Thermostats - Solid filled. The opening temperature is 80 C.
Electrical equipment
Type - Single-wire circuit. Rated voltage 24 V. Alternator - Alternator, belt driven, double strand drive, rated voltage 28 V.
The generator model is determined by the equipment. Starting device - Electric starter mod. 25.3708-21 or 4581 (Slovakia), rated voltage 24 V.
To facilitate starting a cold engine, an electric torch device is provided.
additional characteristics
Clutch - YaMZ-184
Gearbox - YaMZ-239
Refueling capacities, l:
Engine lubrication system - 32
- cooling system (without the volume of the radiator and expansion tank) - 22
Weight of an uncharged power unit with individual cylinder heads, kg:
Without clutch and gearbox - 1250
- with clutch - 1295
- with clutch and gearbox - 1685
Weight of an uncharged power unit with common cylinder heads:
Without clutch and gearbox - 1215
- with clutch - 1260
- with clutch and gearbox - 1635
ADJUSTMENT YAMZ ENGINES-7511.10, YAMZ-7512.10, IMZ-7513.10, YaMZ-7601.10
BELT TENSION ADJUSTMENT
The drive of the water pump, compressor and generator is carried out by V-belts, from reliable work which depends normal work these units. Therefore, during daily maintenance of engines, protect belts from oil and fuel, control their tension and adjust it. Especially carefully check the tension of the belts during the first 50 hours of engine operation, since during this time they are at their greatest stretch. The tension of the belts should always be normal, since both excessive and insufficient tension will lead to premature failure of them. In addition, over-tensioning the water pump drive belt can damage the pump bearings.
A normally tensioned water pump belt, when pressed on the middle of a long branch with a force of 40 N (4 kgf), bends by 10… 15 mm (Fig. 44), and the compressor belt - by 4… 8 mm on a short branch (Fig. 45). Check the tension of the alternator drive belts by pressing with a force of 40 N (4 kgf) on the middle of the branch of each belt (Fig. 46), while the alternator drive belts should bend by 10 ... 15 mm. If the belts deflect more or less than specified, adjust their tension.
Adjust the tension of the water pump belt (Fig. 44) with the tensioner, for which:
loosen the bolts of the tensioner arm arm;
using a Ø12 mm wrench inserted into the hole in the lever of the tensioner bracket, tension the belt;
without weakening the tension force, tighten the bolts of the tensioner arm arm;
check belt tension.
Rice. 44. Checking the tension of the water pump belt
Rice. 45. Checking the tension of the compressor belt
Rice. 46. Checking the tension of the alternator belt
Adjust the tension of the compressor belt with the tensioner. Before adjusting, loosen the locknut one turn, the nut securing the axle of the tensioner pulley by half a turn and the nut of the tensioner bolt two turns.
Turning the tensioning bolt, adjust the belt tension. After adjustment, tighten the nut and the axle lock nut to a torque of 120 ... 150 Nm (12 ... 15 kgfm) and the nut of the tensioner bolt
on the head of the right row of cylinders of the rocker arm of the exhaust valves to the end of the axle, of the intake valves to the thrust washer;
on the head of the left row of cylinders of the rocker arm of the exhaust valves to the thrust washer, inlet valves
- to the end of the axis.
The exhaust valves of the right bank of cylinders are located closer to the fan, and the exhaust valves of the left bank of cylinders are closer to the flywheel.
Adjustment sequence:
Rice. 48. Cranking the crankshaft
Rice. 49. Adjustment of the valve mechanism clearance
To adjust the gaps, unscrew the nut of the adjusting screw, insert a dipstick into the gap and, turning the screw with a screwdriver (Fig. 49), set the gap 0.25 ... 0.30 mm. Hold the screw with a screwdriver, tighten the nut and check the clearance. When properly adjusted
the gap, the 0.25 mm thick stylus should enter with light pressure, 0.30 mm thick - with effort.
To adjust the valve train clearances of the remaining cylinders, turn the crankshaft in the same direction until the intake valve of the controlled cylinder is completely closed and additionally by another 1/3 turn. Adjust the clearances as described above (see item 6).
After completing the clearance adjustment, start the engine and listen to its operation. There should be no knocks in the valve mechanism. If there is a characteristic knock of the valves, stop the engine and repeat the clearance adjustment.
Install and secure the cylinder head covers, check the condition of the gaskets. The oil should not leak in the place where the covers fit.
CHECKING AND ADJUSTMENT OF THE FUEL INJECTION ADVANCE ANGLE YAMZ ENGINES-7511.10, YAMZ-7512.10, IMZ-7513.10, YaMZ-7601.10
To adjust the fuel injection advance angle, there are two hatches on the flywheel housing (see Fig. 50), and the values of the angles are marked on the flywheel in two places. For the lower indicator 3, these values are made on the flywheel in numerical terms, and for the side indicator 4 in literal terms, while the letter "A" corresponds to a numerical value of 20 °; the letter "B" -15 °; the letter "B" -10 °; the letter "Г" -5 °.
Rotate the engine crankshaft clockwise (as viewed from the fan side) until the marks on the crankshaft pulley and the timing gear cover or on the flywheel are aligned with the pointer corresponding to the setting angle of the fuel injection advance - 6º… 7º. In this case, the valves in the 1st cylinder must be closed.
Rice. 50. Alignment of marks on the flywheel with indicators of the flywheel housing:
1 – flywheel housing; 2-flywheel; 3, 4 - flywheel housing indicators; 5 – top hatch plug; A - direction of rotation of the crankshaft
You can rotate the crankshaft with a wrench for the crankshaft pulley mounting bolt or with a crowbar for the holes in the flywheel (Fig. 48) when the flywheel housing hatch cover is removed.
At the moment of aligning the marks, the mark should be aligned
"A" at the end of the coupling (Fig. 50, 51) with a line "B" on the index. If the marks are not aligned, it is necessary to make adjustments.
The procedure for adjusting the injection advance angle (Fig. 51):
without knocking down the aligned position of the marks, tighten the terminal connection bolt to a torque of 16 ... 18 kgf · m. In this case, the deviation of the plate package from the position in one plane should be within ± 1 mm. Measurement should be made near the places where the plates are attached. If corrugations appear on plates 4, they are eliminated by alternately loosening and then tightening with a torque of 11 ... 12.5 kgf · m of four bolts 5 for fastening the plates to the flange of the half-coupling and to the damper coupling;
..
torque 10 ... 20 N · m (1 ... 2 kgf · m), with a larger tightening torque, the adjustment will be violated due to the movement of the pulley axis.
Adjust the tension of the alternator drive belt by moving the alternator relative to the axis of its attachment. Before adjusting, loosen the tightening of the generator mounting bolts, the generator rail mounting nuts and the generator to the rail mounting bolt. After adjustment, secure the generator securely. In case of an increased draft and breakage of at least one of the alternator drive belts, replace both belts with a set to ensure an even load on them.
CYLINDER HEAD RETRACTOR YAMZ ENGINES-7511.10, YAMZ-7512.10, IMZ-7513.10, YaMZ-7601.10
Rice. 47. The order of tightening the nuts securing the cylinder heads:
but) - common head four cylinders; b) - a common head for three cylinders; c) - individual cylinder head.
Check the tightening torque of the cylinder head fastening nuts with a torque wrench in the cold state of the engine and, if necessary, tighten them to a torque of 235 ... 255 N. m (24 ... 26 kgf . m).
Tighten the nuts in the sequence shown in fig. 47 in ascending order of numbers.
ATTENTION ! IT IS STRICTLY FORBIDDEN TO TIGHTEN THE NUTS WITH A LARGE TORQUE THAT IS INDICATED, BECAUSE THIS WILL LEAD TO BREAKING THE PINS AND BREAKING THE CYLINDER HEADS, AND THE TIGHTNESS OF THE JOINT WILL NOT RESTORE.
ATTENTION ! WHEN INSTALLING THE CYLINDER HEAD ON THE ENGINE OR SIGNIFICANT LOOSE OF TIGHTENING, TIGHTEN THE NUTS AT LEAST THREE STEP (SEE REPAIR SECTION)
After tightening the cylinder head nuts, adjust the thermal clearances in the valve train and install the cylinder head covers.
VALVE CLEARANCE ADJUSTMENT YAMZ ENGINES-7511.10, YAMZ-7512.10, IMZ-7513.10, YaMZ-7601.10
Thermal clearances in the valve mechanism are designed to ensure a tight fit of the valve on the seat when expanding the valve drive parts during engine operation. The size of the thermal gap at the inlet and outlet valves is set the same and is adjustable within 0.25 ... 0.30 mm. When re-checking the gaps after scrolling the crankshaft of the adjusted engine, it is possible to change them to the limits of 0.20 ... 0.35 mm due to the error in the shape and location of the surfaces of the parts of the gas distribution mechanism, which is permissible.
If the thermal gaps are too large, the valve lift is reduced, as a result of which filling and cleaning of the cylinders deteriorates, shock loads increase and the wear of the gas distribution mechanism parts increases. With very small gaps, as a result of thermal expansion of the parts of the gas distribution mechanism, it is not ensured
tight fit of the valves to the seats, gas-dynamic processes in the engine cylinders are disrupted, the power and technical and economic indicators of the engine deteriorate. In addition, a decrease in the clearance in the exhaust valve actuator can lead to overheating of the valves and their burnout.
Adjust thermal clearances on a cold engine or not earlier than 1 hour after stopping it.
When adjusting the thermal clearances and re-checking them, the rocker arms are recommended to press down:
loosen the tightening of bolt 2 of the terminal connection: flange 3 - driving half of the coupling 1;
by turning the damper coupling, align the indicated marks;
Rice. 51. High pressure fuel pump drive clutch:
1 – leading half-coupling; 2 – bolt of terminal connection; 3 – half-coupling flange; 4 – drive plates; 5 – bolts of fastening of drive plates; 6 – washers; 7 – damper clutch; 8 – pointer; 9– high pressure fuel pump; А-mark on the damper clutch; B-mark on the index
The launch into serial production of a new family of eight-cylinder V-shaped diesel engines was a natural result of the modernization of the classic YaMZ-238 engines. These diesel engines can rightfully be called the predecessors of the YAMZ-7511. New Yaroslavl 8-cylinder engines, leading their history since 1996, are, in fact, forced "YaMZ-238 / DE". "YaMZ-7511" made their significantly increased power, which covers a solid and impressive range from 360 to 400 horsepower, as a stand-alone series.
By the way, at the beginning of the 2000s, Yaroslavl Motor Engine specialists argued that the classic V-shaped diesel engines are not planned to be refined to the level of modern Euro standards, and that their remaining century on the market will be very short-lived. Among the main reasons for such a strategy were called: the excess weight of classic diesel engines, compared to in-line engines, and their relatively small liter capacity, combined with far from the best economy, so to speak, of the 20th century model.
However, changes in the economic environment and the time itself have made adjustments to these plans: the V-shaped “six” and the V-shaped “eight” (which, by the way, “have already celebrated their 55th anniversary!) Remained on the YMZ conveyor. however, their production is slowly but surely declining from year to year. And on the assembly line of the plant, instead, their modified, taking into account modern requirements, options appeared. What are the main differences between YAMZ-7511 and its "ancestor" - YAMZ-238 / DE?
First, the YaMZ-7511 series engines are equipped with a completely new, much more efficient injection pump - a high-pressure fuel pump. Others distinctive features diesel engines "YaMZ-7511" are: built-in liquid-oil heat exchangers, water pumps of increased productivity; a completely new group "sleeve-piston" (with an improved oil cooling system). The power units of this family are designed for use with charge air installation, which is fixed to the frame of the final product.
An important difference between the new engine and the usual "eight" is a modified lubrication system and improved heat dissipation from the skirt and piston crown. More efficient oil cooling of the piston was used here than with a conventional nozzle. In "YaMZ-7511" forced cooling of the piston is used - it is also called circulation, or gallery cooling.
This is when the oil is periodically fed into a special gallery in the ni-resist insert of the piston, and then flows out into the sump, carrying away the excess heat with it. That is, accordingly, it means oil pump increased performance and a more efficient oil-water heat exchanger. And besides everything, there are also pistons of a more complex design.
Specifications "YaMZ-7511"
Engine type - four-stroke, eight-cylinder, V-shaped arrangement of cylinders, with compression ignition and turbocharging, with liquid cooled, intercooling of charge air in an air-to-air heat exchanger installed on the vehicle.
The YMZ-7511 engines are equipped with the “Compact-40” type fuel equipment, with the injection energy increased to 1200 kg / cm; fan clutch; crankshaft torsional vibration damper. Have undergone significant improvement specifications inlet and outlet ports. The engine is equipped with a water pump with increased performance, an upgraded oil filtration system.
Among the constant consumers of these diesel engines are the largest manufacturers of trucks and heavy industrial tractors, various types of highly specialized vehicles, diesel power plants.
The main indicators of the YaMZ-7511 engine in figures
- Overall dimensions: 2300 × 1045 × 1100 mm.
- Unfilled engine weight: 1685 kg - with clutch and gearbox; 1250 - without clutch and gearbox.
- The cylinder diameter is 130 mm.
- The piston stroke is 140 mm.
- The working volume is 14.86 liters.
- The compression ratio is 16.5.
- Rated power - from 360 to 400 horsepower.
- The crankshaft rotation frequency at rated power is 1900 rpm.
- Maximum torque, Nm (kgfm) - 1715 (175).
- Frequency at maximum torque - 1100-1300 rpm.
- Minimum specific consumption fuel, g / kW h (g / hp h) - 195 (143).
- Specific oil consumption for waste, as a percentage of fuel consumption: 0.2%.
Device and layout of YaMZ-7511 engines
V-shaped block of cylinders this engine, with a camber angle of 90 degrees, cast in gray low-carbon iron, it also serves as a base for the installation of all components and parts of the engine at the same time. Blocks of 8-cylinder engines, as well as blocks of 6-cylinder engines, have an absolutely identical design. However, they are not interchangeable, since individual or block cylinder heads have different kinds attachments to them.
The cylinder block of the YaMZ-7511 engine
Cylinder heads mounted on YaMZ-7511 engines can be, depending on the configuration, individual or block. In this case, an individual head is mounted on each valve and attached to the block with pins 209 and 248 mm long. Block cylinder heads are installed in a complex with a cut for three or four cylinders, in various modifications.
The cylinder / piston group on the YaMZ-7511 is made with an upgraded oil cooling system. This system made it possible to improve the working qualities of the group and extend its estimated life. Compared to its predecessors, the new "8-cylinder" is equipped with an integrated oil-liquid heat exchanger, and its water pump features increased performance. Also, the filtration unit has undergone addition and improvement.
The YaMZ-7511 crankshaft is a steel stamped part with surfaces nitrided to a depth of at least 0.35 mm. Crankshaft this motor consists of five main bearings and four connecting rod journals. The shaft is mounted in the cylinder block with the main bearings, with plain bearing shells. And on its connecting rod journals there are connecting rods (9 for each neck), with a lower head with liners.
Connecting rods - steel, I-section, with oblique connectors on the lower head and special braces on the upper head. Flywheels - made of gray cast iron, attached to crankshaft bolts and high hardness plate. The liners of the main bearings of the crankshaft and the lower head of the connecting rod are steel, thin-walled, with a working layer of lead bronze.
The crankshaft of the YaMZ-7511 engine
The cylinder liners are cast in special cast iron, "wet" type, with phosphated surfaces. They are mounted in special bores of the cylinder block. The pistons are manufactured from a special eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy. The design of the motor provides for direct cooling of the pistons from fixed nozzles. The piston skirts have recesses for the cooling nozzles.
Gas distribution mechanism
Features of the gas distribution mechanism of the YaMZ-7511 engine: overhead valve type; with a lower camshaft, and with a valve drive through hoses, roller tappets, rocker arms and rods. Steel stamped camshaft located in the upper part of the crankcase of the cylinder block, driven by two helical gears.
Intake and exhaust valves made of special heat-resistant steel alloys. During operation, they move inside the sintered guide bushings. They are pressed against the saddles by two cylindrical helical springs with different winding directions. When creating "YaMZ-7511", the dimensions of the intake and exhaust channels were radically revised, and this made it possible to increase the efficiency of combustion of the mixture and exhaust gases, and, accordingly, to improve the efficiency of the engine itself.
Lubrication, fuel system, turbocharging
Lubrication system and fuel system are identical to 8-cylinder systems YaMZ engines previous generation... By and large, "YaMZ-7511" remain with the same "238", which over the years have earned an impeccable reputation for unpretentious, fairly simple in design, maintenance and repair of diesel engines.
However, these are still much more modern "engines". And besides the forced power indicators and a decent working life, the motors of this series can please many more. First of all, you can pay attention to the toughened exhaust cleaning performance.
Of course, nowadays it is no longer necessary to count on international (European) motor routes with the Euro-2 class, but for “home” use this indicator is very good. Especially if you "have in mind" a significant difference in cost between YaMZ and more "clean" imported European motors "Deutz" and the like. By the way, the performance indicators of the YaMZ-7511 are also very impressive, compared to their ancestors “originally from the USSR”.
Initially, having a reference to certain customers and partners, YaMZ planned the indispensable equipment of the YaMZ-7511 with a turbocharger. If we make comparisons and comparisons with 238 engines, then its main feature is the presence of a modern high-performance fuel injection pump of the Compact-40 class, recall that it has very solid data on the injection energy (the maximum reaches 1200 tons kg / cm2). This high pressure fuel pump is an eight section, plunger type (spool type plungers).
Diesel engines of the YaMZ-7511 series in comparatively short term are widely used in on-board vehicles, truck tractors, dump trucks, other automobile and bus equipment. In total, there are 20 modifications of this diesel "eight", almost each of which was "adjusted" to the needs of a certain type of equipment, for a specific partner of the YaMZ plant, be it MAZ, Gomselmash and others.
Heavy-duty dump truck "MoAZ-7505" with the engine "YaMZ-7511"
So where is the 7511? Here is a clear and comprehensive answer. Specifically about practical application each of the engine options:
- YaMZ-7511.10- basic equipment with individual cylinder heads, supplied together with the YaMZ-239 gearbox and the YaMZ-184 clutch. The YaMZ-7511.10 engine is used as part of the MZKT-65272 chassis on the MZKT-74181 truck tractors, manufactured by the Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant.
- YMZ-7511.10-01 and YaMZ-7511.10-06- another version of the power unit for truck tractors on the MZKT chassis 6x6, 8x4, 8x8. This technique known primarily as the "wheels" of such formidable domestic weapons as "Topol-M", "Pechora" air defense system, "S-300" air defense system.
- YaMZ-7511.10-10- complete with a power take-off mechanism (PTO) and with a YaMZ-184 clutch, it is used as part of a powerful rotary-milling snow blower manufactured by Sevdormash (Severodvinsk plant of road machines).
- YMZ-7511.10-11- engine for wheeled chassis BAZ produced by BZKT (Bryansk Wheel Tractor Plant), tractors high cross-country ability carrying capacity from 14 to 40 tons, primarily for military equipment... It is produced with the YMZ-2393-03 gearbox and the YMZ-184 clutch.
- YAMZ-7511.10-12- used in the chassis and dump trucks of trucks "Ural-6563" 8x4.
- YaMZ-7511.10-16- a motor for use on the KrAZ -7140N61S6 chassis and on the KrAZ-6140TE truck tractors.
- YaMZ-7511-18- a diesel engine for use on the MZKT chassis and on the Chelyabinsk heavy power-saturated industrial tractors-bulldozers of the brand. The engine is designed for the installation of a charge air cooler (it is mounted directly on the product).
- YMZ-7511.10-34- another option for equipping wheeled tractors manufactured by MZKT, especially for the chassis of the MZKT-65272 tractor model.
- YMZ-7511.10-35- the motor used in the chassis "MZKT-8021-02", "MZKT-80211-02", in their special - tropical - version.
- YMZ-7511.10-36 complete with YMZ-239-22 or YMZ-239-12 gearbox (with double-cone synchronizers) and with YMZ-184-15 clutch. Scope of application: flatbed vehicles and truck tractors, as well as timber and timber trucks of the Minsk Automobile Plant.
- YMZ-7511.10-37- special motors for completing the "RSM-1401" forage harvesters from the "Rostselmash" plant.
- YMZ-7511.10-38- was developed specifically for combine harvesters "RSM-181" of the "Rostselmash" plant.
- YaMZ-7512.10 – power unit for dump trucks and loaders "MoAZ" (Mogilev Automobile Plant, a branch of "BelAZ"), as well as special forage harvesting complexes.
- YaMZ-7512.10-04- the main engine in the MoAZ-75051 dump trucks and MoAZ-4048 loaders.
- YMZ-7512.10-05- is used as part of forage harvesters - combines "Polesie", manufactured by the plant "Gomselmash".
- YaMZ-7513.10; YaMZ-7513.10-03- used as part of the MZKT-65272 chassis, on the MZKT-74181 truck tractors.
- YaMZ-7514.10 and YMZ-7514.10-01- special engines for its use in diesel power plants with a capacity of 200 kW, various domestic manufacturers.
Truck tractor "KrAZ-6140" with the engine "YaMZ-7511"
In general, 8-cylinder "Yaroslavl" today are represented by about fifty modifications of various heavy equipment. Many developments "YaMZ-7511" are specialized versions made for any specific technique.
Despite its rather long history (recall: it was developed in 1996), the YaMZ-7511 engine is rather poorly reflected in the reviews of the owners posted on the Internet. This is due to the fact that he still has not yet received such wide distribution as his "ancestor" - "YaMZ-238". After all, in Soviet times, the Yaroslavl Motor Plant produced one hundred thousand engines per year, and in the 90s and 2000s - several times less, from 20 to 70 thousand units of production per year.
Disputes regularly arise, mainly among the owners of MAZs (this is understandable: drivers of tractors "carrying" Topol-M missiles or S-300 air defense systems have no reason to argue on the forums about the advantages and disadvantages of engines). The subject of dispute: which is better: the new YAMZ-7511, or the "good old" YAMZ-238?
Although most of the "long-range heroes" still adhere to a conservative point of view and favor a simpler and more familiar 238, it is impossible not to note the best efficiency indicators of the YaMZ-7511. After all, as you know, there is a very clear relationship: if the engine “eats” a lot, its owner has to “go on a diet”.
In general, the YaMZ-7511 engines continue the glorious traditions of the YaMZ-238, demonstrating proper operation throughout the entire estimated working life declared by the manufacturers, even in harsh operating conditions. Many representatives of this family have already developed this resource, have successfully survived the "capital" and continue to work for the benefit of their owners.
As for the YaMZ plant as a whole, today this enterprise can be safely put on a par with the world "leaders" of the diesel industry - such as Deutz and Cummins. Although the Yaroslavl motor engine has not yet reached the Soviet production volume, it is still the foundation on which all domestic automobile and tractor diesel engine building is based. The partners of the plant are all leading automobile and bus, tractor and combine harvester, excavator and crane enterprises in Russia and the CIS.
Price for YAMZ-7511 engines
The cost of a new motor from the YMZ-7511 family, according to the official price list of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant, varies, depending on the modification, from 670 to 800 thousand rubles. In addition, there are a lot of advertisements on the Internet for the sale of YaMZ-7511 engines "individually assembled" (after overhaul), as well as those removed from long-term storage. Such options will cost one and a half to two times cheaper than new ones.
