When the motors were only carburetor, the black exhaust of the silencer meant, in the overwhelming majority of cases, only one thing - worn valve oil seals. Through which leaked, and burned together with gasoline, in the combustion chamber and oil. However, then there are already serious specialists here, "on the eye" determined the difference between a similar malfunction (now it is called - a gray exhaust), and the situation in which the exhaust was really black.
Causes of black exhaust
When gasoline does not burn, but cocks
In fact, the exhaust is painted in the black color of a unburned particle, charred fuel, which was not enough for detonation, simply oxygen, and which turned from the effects of the temperature in coal flakes. They come to the exhaust from the muffler black. Moreover, this process is usually accompanied by a collection of engine, "Trojection" on idling, a drop of thrust (very tangible, by the way). Well, this malfunction should be eliminated by adjusting the flow of oxygen into the combustion chamber.
When air inflow is not enough
In fact, everything is very simple. The process of combustion of fuel in the engine begins with the fact that gasoline comes from the tank into the carburetor (or in the nozzle, if it is a diesel engine) or in the injector. Here it is sprayed, mixing with the incoming air, turning into a combustible mixture, which is detonated in the combustion chamber, alternately pushing pistons. And if the air inflow is not enough, then the black exhaust from the engine is the only possible variant. Simply, a re-entered mixture is formed, which does not have time to completely burn. After all, even with a strong fire, remember, first of all try to overlap the access of air, oxygen to the hearth ignition. And then there is nothing to burn ...
In this case, you need to adjust the fuel level, clean the carburetor, jetters, maybe even everything will cost only the replacement of the air filter, which closing does not let sufficient air to create a mixture with the correct ratio of sprayed fuel and oxygen.
Abrasive processes in the combustion chamber: what threatens the black exhaust
The black exhaust always indicates an increased fuel consumption when the engine is running, however, this is a consumption that does not affect the increasing power. On the contrary, there is a drop in power, and significant. And now - the most important thing.
- The fact that from the muffler brings black smoke is not the worst thing.
- The fact that this black exhaust is accompanied by a power drop (in which the car in the fourth gear develops from the strength of 100 - 120 kilometers per hour), is also not the worst.
- Even the fact that the consumption of gasoline increases two times - not the worst consequence.
Black exhaust of the silencer threatens serious problems to the engine Due to the fact that coal particles are not only from the silencer fly away.
They also fall into the combustion chamber and, not burned, remaining there, in the space in which "walk" pistons, stick to the walls of the piston sleeves, while performing the role of a peculiar abrasive, pushing the walls that, in theory, should be perfectly smooth and polished . That's what the notorious black exhaust is. It is capable of an order of magnitude, many times to reduce the resource of the engine, causeing a full repair (with grinding or replacement of the sleepers).
And even unlawful excess of fuel can get into the lubricant system, diluted oil, making it unsuitable for lubricant. Sometimes this process is so intense that the oil level in the crank is significantly increasing. What, of course, also does not contribute to the durable engine operation. As well as the fact that gasoline's pistons and cylinders fell on the walls and cylinders simply flushes lubricant. As a result, all this on the walls may form small scratchesAnd maybe even serious loans that the normal operation of the engine does not contribute.
How to get rid of black exhaust
Carburetor faults ...
How to cope with him? How to eliminate a malfunction in the fuel supply system and set the process of creating a enriched combustible mixture, in which the air and sprayed fuels would be kept in the proportions needed for normal operation? In fact, you need to look for the true cause of fault. As already mentioned, it may be (if it comes to carburetor Engine) A clogged air filter that does not miss the system of sufficient air. The black exhaust of the silencer can be the consequence of the slanting hole in the loaf, through which the air does not flow, or the reason can be wounded in excessive supply of gasoline (if the float chamber is incorrectly adjusted, and the fuel level in the carburetor rolls).
... Injector and diesel ...
If we are dealing with injector injectionThe black exhaust of the silencer may also testify about the fault of the fuel consumption sensors (these nodes themselves are intended to adjust the amount of incoming air in accordance with the specified norm). Or, that by the way, it can be very relevant and in the case when the black exhaust of the muffler is observed when the diesel engine is operating.
Although with Diesel, of course, there are certain nuances. With a cold start, the black exhaust will be observed anyway. Moreover, cold launch For diesel - a serious test. No wonder in modern cars equipped with a diesel engine, a preheating system is always provided. But even she does not save from the exhaust at the initial stages of the operation of the engine running in the cold state.
Completeness of repair: Sometimes you can cope on your own, and sometimes you have to contact the specialists
It is important to simply correctly navigate and understand whether the exhaust has been cleaned enough quickly, whether the engine does not trite at idle, whether there is no power drops and an increased flow. If there is at least one of the listed faults - get ready for trouble. Or not quite large (adjustment), or to a fairly serious. Up to replacing the rings of the piston group, or the whole group itself.
To eliminate such a malfunction as the black exhaust of the silencer, may also need interference with the work fuel pump or a turbocharger (up to replacement), because the exhaust may also mean a failure in the fuel supply system. When gasoline arrives too abundantly, and the system of creating a combustible mixture with a similar amount simply does not cope. And it may also be needed adjusting the pressure in the injector nozzles. These are faults with which it yourself, perhaps, can not cope. We'll have to contact a specialist.
To save the engine operation resource ...
Anyway, it should be clearly known that the black exhaust is not dangerous because it spoals the ecology (from the muffler, soot crashes, stinks with gasoline), but also violates normal work engine leads to increased flow Fuel and lowers the efficiency of its operation. It should always be remembered that the particles of the fringe fuel not only fly out of the silencer, but also fall into the piston group, becoming an abrasive and in an accelerated dark-polished pace (ideally - as a mirror) working surface Gils, pistons and sealing rings.
This can lead to a tangible drop in the resource of the engine, and instead of the laid, say, according to passport data, 500 thousand mileage kilometers (modern cars are designed for approximately such a resource) before repair, the engine will work out an order of magnitude less. This is how the black exhaust of the engine silencer is in the first place.
In principle, many car owners do not pay special attention to the smoke from the exhaust pipe, if his quantity decreases after a complete warming upand in the process of movement smoke and disappears at all. However, if the smoke does not stop and when driving is a clear sign of more or less serious malfunctions in the car motor.
These problems seek to pay attention to the driver's attention, exacerbating when the engine is started and manifests themselves as a smoke of various. You should carefully treat these alarms and to identify a malfunction in time before it takes difficult and costly.
Nature of car exhaust
The color and consistency of the smoke from the exhaust pipe can be figuratively compared with the freshness of human breathing - a healthy organism (and biological, and mechanical) exhales, respectively, cleaner pairs than the sick. In a serviceable car, when combustion of fuel, water and carbon dioxide are formed - as in pairs from the breathing of a healthy person. However, it is necessary to consider that the combustion of fuel does not occur on pure oxygen, but with the help of ordinary air, for the most part consisting of nitrogen. That is why there are harmful nitrogen oxides (NOx) in smoke from the exhaust pipes of cars, which are negatively affecting the state of the atmosphere and even leading to the fall out of the so-called acid rain. Yes, and the fuel is oxidized and burns not completely, even in engines newest marksBut because of this, there is an additional carbon compound emissions - CO and CH. In addition to all this, when the combustion of the oil or coolant is burning into the chamber, there are other, no less harmful, chemical "cocktails".
Of course, the exhaust system of modern motors can be equipped with various neutralizers and filters. However, this is not enough - remember the dense clouds of Smog in the photos of the largest megacities. In addition, any filtering systems wear out over time, thereby increasing the toxicity of the smoke coming out of the car's exhaust pipe. Although, as mentioned above, the color and toxicity of smoke depends not only on the dissent of the mechanisms of self-regulation, but also from many other faults.
Comparative characteristics exhaust gases gasoline and diesel engines
Most often, more or less thick smoke from the exhaust pipe signals a car owner on the malfunction of the fuel feed and engine cooling systems, as well as the problems of the distribution mechanism or the piston group. In each of these cases, there are their nuances: either the fuel combines deficiently, or the cooling fluid flows into the cylinders, and sometimes oil. Actually, it is the surplus of fuel or the presence of foreign substances in the cylinders and give exhaust gases with various shades.
In general, the color of the smoke from the exhaust pipe is almost the same - there are differences only in the nuances, since sometimes problems of a certain system causing smoke are directly related to the malfunction of other systems that cannot "declare themselves" with the help of smoke. For example, this situation is not found: cooling system does not work well, which is why the engine is overheated. Due to overheating, piston rings are burning, which entails oil entering the cylinders and, as a result - the appearance of smoke. Note that the initial reason lies at all in piston rings, and in the cooling system. That is why, starting to seek the reason that caused the smoke from the exhaust pipe should be extremely thoroughly analyzing and comparing all existing factors.
The main causes of black smoke diesel
As can be seen from the name of this subsection, the black smoke from the exhaust pipe most often must be the appearance of problems with combustible. The black exhaust color is due to the color of the soot, which is formed as a result, for example, incomplete fuel combustion. Soot appears when the decomposition process is underway on the elements of the part of the fuel, which is not enough for full combustion. Modern cars Equipped computer systemswhich control all the processes occurring when moving - including the process of combustion of fuel.
Under such "sensitive guidance", the risk of error in the formation of a combustible mixture is significantly reduced - although by and large it only applies to petrol enginesWhile diesel, even the most modern, it will still be slightly smoked. This is due to the fact that in diesel engines the composition of the mixture differs from gasoline fellows - its concentration in this case is heterogeneous and contains in itself the increments of high fuel density.
To give it homogeneity, modern auto industry uses mechanisms increased pressure injection - however, even this measure is not yet able to completely eradicate the problem, and therefore the smoke-colored smoke from the exhaust pipe of the machine with a diesel engine can be seen much more often than petrol cars. The black color of the smoke from the exhaust pipe is due to the presence of soot. In the last brands, anticorate filters are used, which is to some extent solves the question (however, these filters must be cleaned periodically, and sooner or later - change to new). In addition to incomplete combustion, other factors can be caused by black smoke from the exhaust pipe - for example, insufficient fuel quality.
It should be remembered that the use of poor-quality fuel can entail too fast combustion process. - Such a combustion is also called detonation. Another factor affecting the intensive formation of soot may become a malfunction for the most notorious electronic system, which follows the efficiency of fuel combustion. For example, the refusal of the oxygen sensor leads to the fact that the electronic unit It is not able to control the completeness of the combustion - and then it begins to work at the NAOVUM, while not supporting the full "dialogue" with an oxygen sensor.
What to do to more accurately determine the cause?
Such a coloring of smoke signals that the motor power system does not work well and misses the fuel with air. Of course, the reason can be quite banal and consisted as a fuel, or rather in its poor quality. However, incorrect mixing is still the most common cause. This circumstance is explained by a fuel or insufficient air.
The cause of the lack of air may be in contamination of the air filter or duct channels. In addition, the air consumption sensor may be incorrect. When on large turns The volume of smoke becomes greater, then the fuel pressure check should be performed. When motor vehicles, which has a diesel engine, accompanies black smoke, then it is necessary to see the performance of the high pressure pump. Perhaps the reason is in it. Visual control of hoses, clamps, intercooler (look at oil leaks, as a sign of leakage). The best check is artificially creating pressure in the channel using an external (for example, a bicycle) pump when the motor is turned off.To do this, disconnect the hoses with intake manifold And from the turbine, close them and create pressure - observe / listen to the air outlet from the leaks.
How to eliminate black smoke from a diesel exhaust pipe?
- Air filter is dirty. It is necessary to replace it.
- Malfunction of nozzles - mainly due to embossed fuel. Black smoke appears in this case when harsh pressed on gas or when moving with a load. The malfunction of nozzles is accompanied by uneven operation diesel engine. It begins to shake (very tangible on small revolutions). In such cases, the repair is required by a faulty nozzle;
- Incorrect injection instant. In the early corner of the injection, there is a significant delay in self-ignition, the pressure in the cylinder is growing, which leads to a tough operation of the dispensant, and, in addition, a lot of soot is formed. If the installation of an angle of the pump is correct and diesel fuel quality, then the TNVD is subject to repair with nozzles;
- Turbocompressor malfunctions. As a result, the turbocharger does not develop the necessary pressure of the inflated, or it passes a lot of oil into the intake path due to the fact that the labyrinth seals of the turbine shaft are worn;
- Wrong conditions for combustion fuel and air mixture: low or increased compression or lack of air.
With low compression, the engine is difficult to start, power is lost, black smoke appears under load. With an elevated - diesel engine works very noisy, detonation knocks are heard. This malfunction It is very rare and is associated with errors when assembling the motor. The lack of air is associated with a turbine malfunction or not the tightness of the intake path. Under the load, in this case, the black smoke appears, and the diesel engine loses power.
- Operation of the car, with the black smoke, does not cause damage to the motor or its parts. But the long ride with an early corner of the injection either with faulty nozzles will lead to the programe of the forkamer, the destruction of the jumpers and burning the pistons, which will further entail a serious repair of diesel engines for any car. E.
One of the most common signs of car malfunctions is characterized by certain damage and smoke problems. The diagnosis of this problem is so wide that color, quantity, frequency of appearance and other factors that can signal problems are taken into account. But not everyone knows what the permanent white smoke differs and the periodic-appearing smoke of the same color. Or, what is affected by black smoke from the exhaust pipe. The exhaust smoke of a bluish color also has its own unique causes of appearance. All these manifestations require detailed parsing and analysis. We present to your attention the first part dedicated to the appearance of black smoke.
Before dealing with separate "pathological" states of exhaust smoke, it should be understood, and that in general this exhaust is for what it is needed, and how it looks normally. As follows from the name, evaporation coming from the machine through the muffler are the product of the processing that appear during the kinetic motion of the engine and adjacent it. In simple language, it is a compound of steam from water, nitrogen and carbon dioxide that appears during engine operation.
Normally, with serviceable engine compartment, as well as an acceptable quality of consuming materials, this smoke is almost blunder, has an excess odor exhaust, and a certain density level. But as already mentioned a little earlier, sometimes we are witnessing the emergence of unusual smoke of another color (most often white, blue and black smoke from the exhaust pipe), often simultaneously with a deterioration in the car resource (or without it). What is the reason for these diagnostic manifestations, we will try to understand in more detail, after analyzing each of these smoke species.
Black smoke from the exhaust pipe and the cause of its appearance
This is probably the most "popular" question, all drivers, in which diesel, carburetor or carburetor or injector engines. With such a manifestation there were many times the owners of old, used brands domestic production. But what is the reason for such an uncharacteristic evaporation, and why going black Smoke from the exhaust pipe?
To begin with, calm and relieve panic - the appearance of black smoke, as a rule, does not indicate serious breakdowns at motor compartment. However, to expect that this problem is not able to cause damage later - a deliberately losing strategy. In essence, this is not a problem at all, but only one of the symptoms, the convenience of which is that it can be seen without a long digging in the components of the engine.
What signals the appearance of black smoke from the exhaust pipe? Depending on the type of engine and the state of the car, there may be several reasons, however, among them all the main and most likely, it is considered to be the interaction of the fuel and air mixture used. In practice, it looks like this: due to the oversaturated mixture, it cannot effectively turn into the engine cylinders, so that insufficiently recycled exhaust falling into the catalyst (and later in open air) along with the fuel surplus staining smoke into black.
At the appearance of such a smoke, the type of fuel does not affect the type of fuel, whether gasoline or diesel fuel, since the cause of the problem indicates breakdowns in the fuel supply system. In addition, sometimes black smoke from the exhaust pipe appears at startup, and later the smoke corresponds to normal as a dense. This is due to the fact that the fuel does not ignite in the chamber, and due to their dampness in the non-recycled form enters the silencer (as a rule, such an engine at the start strongly "Troit").
Remedy methods, as well as damage
There is a reasonable question "How to eliminate black smoke from the exhaust pipe?". For each type of engine, the answer will differ. A malfunction as it usually happens, damaged for the occurrence. W. carburetor type of ignition The cause of black smoke is overflowing in a float chamber, which means for repair it will be necessary to clean the disassembled carburetor, change the benges, and set the indicator of the measured gasoline inside the combustion chamber.
Due to the absence of a float in the system with injectorThe reasons and elimination of them will be very different. Here the filming is responsible for the filing, or rather "injectors". It is they who have the property to clog and disrupt the fuel supply. Clean them can be manually or using cleaning additives to gasoline. Sometimes in black smoke from the exhaust pipe "to blame" the faulty operation of the fuel pump (an increased pressure is submitted). Unfortunately, the only elimination of this type of breakage lies in its full replacement.
What is the reason for the breakdown diesel enginesAfter all, they are the highest culprits and leaders for black smoke emissions into the air. To begin with, it should be said that the brainstorming products of the a priori will issue a darker color than gasoline analogs. But in order to eliminate this toxic threat and reduce the amount of lead in smoke, the diesel vehicles are installed "the particulate filter". Due to its malfunction, smoke may become darker, thicker, and contain the amount of toxins dangerous for the environment. Replacement squeeze filter As a rule, returns these testimony to normal.
Consequences of faults
As in any other case, it is able to bring a lot of problems in the future. Very often, in time, seen by smoke becomes the first and last warning before a serious breakdown. For example, in gasoline cars such a malfunction leads to a complete replacement of the catalyst. We have not written so long ago, o in our material. However, in any case, the replacement of such a device will no longer be cheap.
Even more fraught with ignoring such a problem Diesel cars. Since the pressure in the chamber using a similar type of fuel is even more than that of gasoline, the restenuation of the volume can cause a break of the supply unit, which will be repaired in a solid amount.
Significantly different from gasoline. But problems with them are practically the same as with petrol aggregates. After reading the automotive forums, you can see many things where you are discussing certain problems. But it is especially often possible to see the topics where motorists complain that there are black smoke from the exhaust periodically on diesel engines. Let's deal with what the problem is why this phenomenon occurs. We will also see how this problem can be solved.
Put the diagnosis of exhaust colors
Diesel motors, as, however, and gasoline can have exhaust different flowers. More often it is white, gray, gray and black smoke.
Let's start with white. Often white is called the smoke of a bluish shade. This happens when the turbine is destroyed, and the lubricant falls straight into the inlet path. Here in such a situation from the pipe, the smoke of the SIZAL color. But an inexperienced car enthusiast will quite take him over white smoke. And if it is still sniffing, then it is immediately clear and understandable what is the cause of his appearance.
Many in the kitchen at least once, but burned out vegetable or butter in a frying pan. The smell is approximately the same. This smoke can be confused with a ferry, which is more often observed in the winter months of exhaust not only diesel cars. All Wine water that appears as a result of combustion.
Already later, after warming up the motor, steam will not be noticeable, although it can be easily checked. You just need to substitute your palms to exhaust. Palm will be slightly wet. This pair delivers significant inconvenience when tuning the engine, and especially in winter. For high-quality adjustment, you have to warm the unit for a long time. And in the frost, the setting may not succeed at all.
White smoke - a signal of a serious problem
If smoke from your diesel engine is not a couple, then it is exactly the coolant, which falls into the combustion chambers. Usually the cylinder that has been flooded with cooling mixtures does not have the ability to operate. Therefore, the motor can told.
How does the cooling fluid penetrate the cylinders?
OK falls into the cylinders due to the unsatisfactory state of the intake manifold laying. Also, the cause can be the burned gasket of the GBC, and the diesel engines most often it can be a cracked head of the block. In the crack of the GBC, the tank, often complete liquid, also completely goes into the pipe.
Repairs
If you find cracker GBC., then here you can only recommend replacing the head. However, prices ... Therefore, many car enthusiasts will not be for contractual details. It is used by spare parts from Europe.
Cracked GBC can be repaired, but we will not recommend this technology, because during such a repair, a hole is drilled, which will fall on the crack, and then a copper rod will be pressed into the hole. There will be no breakthrough of gases, but one of the cooling valves will be blocked by half. Such a head will have a significantly reduced resource.
Blue smoke
Those who have a smoke from diesel forced to wague at the sight of blue smoke.
Blue, and on some engines it can be SIZ, on the working motor is often caused by the late injection. About this problem was already said no longer, many car enthusiasts managed to discuss this topic along and across.
Specialists argue that blue smoke is not scary. In most cases, the problem of late injection is associated with the natural process of wear of the TNVD, naturally, if no one has touched the pump.
Causes of blue smoke
The fuel pump in our conditions works as follows. The set of details in this node is constantly rotating, works, rubs. And the lubrication is provided by the pumped diesel. As long as diesel is a fatty, pump in this mode can work for a very long time. But when the cold is coming, in fuel tanks Diesels pour winter diesel fuel. Everything is perfect in it, but the lubricating fractions are completely absent. Well, or almost absent. All her fatty, together with various paraffins, was removed on the oil refining factory.
So, when winter comes, most of the pump on diesels work without lubrication and are subject to strong wear. Because of this, quite natural, but already too fast and reinforced wear, the injection advance decreases. Diesel fuel It ceases to heat up, and the cylinder stops working in normal mode. The engine twitches, shakes. Fuel that does not have time to burn, as a result turns into a blue smoke. On some engines there is black smoke from the exhaust. If the engine is warm, then it will stop it, or at least the amount of exhaust will decrease. In this case, fuel has time to warm up and ignite.
If power aggregate Low compression characteristics, then the temperature in the combustion chambers is less than necessary. And fuel will not ignite. If the unit is equipped with a pair of cylinders with a good compression, the cylinder, where the compression is smaller, will not work.
Such a picture often happens in the parking lots. Cars are trying to start, and the site is completely filled with a blue smoke. But sometimes releases a diesel black smoke from the exhaust pipe. After heating, the smoke will disappear. After all, the temperature in the motor grows, and the temperature increase even in the worn cylinders will be enough for ignition.
A case from one's life
Mechanics are told on this topic. On the unit replaced gasket GBC.. After the motor has collected, they found a strong shaking at idle. After a couple of kilometers, these vibrations stopped, and after a couple of minutes of work again at idle again appeared.
Mechanics analyzed this situation And they found out that the new gasket is a little thicker. As long as the diesel warned to operating temperature, Exactly he did not work.
So, the main cause of blue smoke is the late fuel injection and low compression characteristics. Many modern motors have a device that carries out a little earlier. The machines are tougher, but the fuel in the cylinders is heated and burns without smoke, that is, at all. Further the unit is heated, the coolant is heating the actuators, and they return the injection piston to its legal place. The motor works softer and more pleasant.
How to remove blue smoke
If the motor shakes and produces a diesel black smoke from the exhaust pipe, well, or blue, then you can safely turn the pump. But first you need to see if fuel grazing. If the pump is not enough for fuel, then the pressure is reduced, and this allows the spring to move the timer to the late injection. This will lead to a shaking.
Black smoke
Such smoke can be observed if the fuel burns not to the end. It happens that if a fuel is served too much or an incorrect combustible mixture is supplied. If too little air is supplied to the motor, it will be the same effect as if fuels with excess.
Why is the black smoke from the diesel exhaust pipe?
A larger volume of fuel supplied is usually a signal or incorrect adjustment of the TNVD, or the wear of the nozzles, or the wear of the revolt controller in the pump.
Any fuel pump is equipped with a special adjusting screw. With it, it is configured to adjust the volume of fuel supplied. This screw can only rudely adjust the volume. If this screw is spinning, then the volumes increase. And where the growth of volumes, there is also a growth of idolot. But turnover can be significantly reduced. Then you can increase power. But drove diesel black smoke from the exhaust pipe will continue. If the adjusting screw is screwed up even more than it is supplied, the unit will almost cease to reduce the revolutions.
Wear injectors
Here it can be assumed that the needle does not feel tightly in its planting place. And the level of pressure to which this needle should raise, decreases. This leads to the fact that in the combustion chambers is increasingly fuel. It is superfluous at least because its feed is carried out not in a sprayed form, but drops. To warm up and ignite, these drops need a lot of time. Hence the black smoke from the exhaust pipe, and the increased consumption (diesel) fuel.
The most sad
One of the most sad breakdowns that lie down the owners of diesel engines is the inevitable wear of the fuel pump. As already mentioned, there are no lubricants inside the pump. If in the summer diesel, something lubricates something, then there is no winter. And the domestic fuel is generally low quality. So we wear the insides of the pump.
When it is very sharply pressed on the gas pedal, for example, in order to quickly move, the TNTVD lever is translated to an increase in the volume of fuel supply. This lever will rely on the support. And the position of this support itself is already adjusted by the regulator. Therefore, too sharply increase the volume will not be released. So, clicking on the pedal, the driver only wants to give a greater volume of fuel. And it is not at all the fact that this will lead to an increase in revolutions. It depends directly on how much the revolver regulator is. If it is normal, then the car is touching with a gray smoke. If the wear is large, then the diesel is spinning black smoke from the exhaust pipe by a large club.
On the lack of air
Also, dark gases from the pipe can sometimes be caused by a disadvantage of air. But in this case, the exhaust will not be black, but rather gray or dark gray. At the same time there is a decrease in power.
To this can lead scored filter Air supply. This is not a rare case, and this periodically happens to each. No longer 10 and not 100 times tested on bitter experience, which is enough for only 15 minutes in traffic jam in front of Kamaz, which has black smoke from the exhaust pipe. Diesel burns, and new filter One who stands behind, can now be thrown into a landfill. But it happens if Kamaz is incorrectly adjusted, although she has been adjusted.
Also, the lack of air can be observed due to the incorrect operation of EGR and throttle, incorrect gaps in the timing valves. Also among the reasons may be incorrectly exhibited marks of the gas distribution, turbine malfunction.
When the car is equipped with a turbine, and you watch the black smoke from the diesel-turbo exhaust pipe, then it is worth checking. Most likely, the point is in it. Also worth searching cracks on the pipes of the fuel or air system.
One of the car owners poured cleaning into the car for fuel system. Trading a little on high revolutions When driving in Mount, the car picked the black smoke. But a little Popumev, smoke disappeared and since then no longer appeared. At the same time, all the above reasons he checked. He believes that the additive helped. More car did not smoke. So, perhaps, the cause of smoke in this case can be simply soot from the fuel system, especially if the diesel is equipped with a neutralizer. Sometimes the filter needs to be cleaned from time to time.
Another reason for black smoke from diesel exhaust pipe
At one of the owners diesel car Motor suddenly began to smoke. When opening, nothing intelligible cannot be detected. But after reading all sorts of forums, communicating with other diesel owners it turned out that the problem is in the ignition.
After re-autopsy, an adjusting valve was detected on the ignition unit. He advised to hit adjusting Bolt.. After that, the car stopped smoking. It turned out that this is an ignition angle.
When you turn on the ignition, the serviceable sensor is cracking. What if it appears black smoke from the exhaust pipe (diesel)? With what ignition, he would neither appear, the sensor should be removed. If the motor stopped smoking, and the machine works smoothly, then this item is time to change.
Black smoke and cold start
The study of the forums showed that many complains of smoke diesel engine. Someone says that this is TNVD, but more experienced motorists Schedule that it is not.
It is believed that such a phenomenon is quite normal. Usually it is short-term. This can be explained by the fact that during the cold start to the cylinders they are re-entered the mixture. Hence the black smoke from the exhaust pipe. Diesel "On Cold" often does this. Therefore, you should not panic about this.
Situation with Kia Sorento
Let us give a specific example. One of the owners of this car when you click on the accelerator pedal thick, black smoke. In motion, the car is very reluctant to gain momentum.
Scanned for possible errors in electronic system, However, there are no errors. Analysis of the parameters of the work also did not give the desired result. Defect at first glance is simply not. The balance of the nozzles is in a normal state, no serious deviations are noticed, the turbine issues normal level Pressure, but at the same time black smoke from the exhaust pipe diesel " Kia Sorento"It still issued. When measuring the testimony, they thought to the USR. This is a valve that regulates the spent gases.
After examining it, they discovered serious deposits of soot for throttle valve. After removing the exhaust gas nozzle, soot and oil in the intake tract were also discovered. As a result, everything was removed and cleaned. But with a more detailed examination of the valve, damage to its seat was detected. As a result, the valve was replaced.
As a result, there is no smoke, and the car rides noticeably better.
COOMMON RAIL system
Problems of the same plan are also noticeable here. Many complain about the black smoke from the exhaust pipe - the Diesel "Comon Rail" during the cold launch successfully ensures such a result. Car enthusiasts say it can be associated with poor-quality fuel or problem nozzles. So, the fuel is not sprayed, but poured. Therefore, and black soot. And when the motor warms up, the injector swing fuel in normal mode.
As a conclusion
We found out frequent and popular causes of smoke. Also, when you start "on the cold" little black smoke for a diesel engine - this is the norm. Most of the problems can easily fix on their own. However, the problem is that all the symptoms are suitable for black smoke, and it is not clear what to treat. Therefore, if you have a black smoke from the exhaust pipe, diesel troit and twitch, it is better not to experience fate. In this case, you should give a car to the diagnosis of experienced specialists.
So, we found out why the black smoke from the exhaust pipe is picked up. Diesel is a complicated thing, so there are constant care for such cars.
The smoke from the exhaust pipe is constantly coming, but in some cases it begins to occur so intensively that the car owner may not be careful for experiences. Indeed, if the amount of smoke has increased dramatically, it has become more dense and painted in black, white or gray color - it is worth looking under the hood and immediately eliminate the breakdown occurred. It should be understood that without the timely repair of "symptoms" may worsen, and, in addition to smoke, car Engine may appear "cough", or vehicle In general, refuses to perform its functions. Let's figure out what kind of faults can signal the smoke from the exhaust pipe.
1. How and why the exhaust smoke appears: a little about the work of the exhaust system
Principle of operation exhaust system The car does not represent absolutely nothing complicated for a professional mechanic or a car owner with experience. It is as follows:
1. When the engine works, the air is burning inside fuel mixture.
2. Exhausted after this process of gases through exhaust valve From the combustion chamber of the engine due to the pressure drop in the exhaust manifold.
3. Further the path of spent (that is, exhaust) gases goes to the receiving pipe. But only here if we are talking about diesel engines, on your way they also face the impeller of the turbocharger, which thanks to them and runs into action.
4. In order for the exhaust gases to be cleared, and the atmosphere fell as little as possible of harmful particles, they are redirected to the catalyst from the receiving pipe.
6. From the muffler, the exhaust gases from the combustion chamber finally fall into the atmosphere.
Nite enough, but the effectiveness of the output of exhaust gases into the atmosphere directly affects the engine power and the serviceability of other auto system. For this reason, every car owner should regularly check the health and integrity of the exhaust system.
Did you know? In almost all European countries, the level of exhaust gases is strictly adjustable. For example, if you drive on the roads on the car, which eats more than 0.5% CO and more than 100 PPM into the atmosphere, you may be fined and send to the car service to repair.
Nevertheless, when it comes to the change in the color of exhaust gases, the problem may be far from the exhaust system itself, but may be related to the following violations of the car:
1. Incorrect operation of the system. This is that fuel injection and air supply systems in the combustion chamber create a bad mixture, as a result of which the combustion of which can be formed by the smoke "wrong" color (often this occurs due to the oversaturation of the fuel mixture with gasoline, which does not fully burn, and just smoke ). The breakdown may be hidden in the malfunction of the operations of the sensors that control the injection, nozzles whose tightness of which for one or another may be violated. All this will also be added excessive fuel consumption, as well as a sharp reduction in motor power. In such cases, it is not necessary to inactive, since such small breakdowns can cause even the engine hydrate.
2. Used low-quality fuel. From this difficult to insure, but when the first symptoms manifest, it should immediately change the fuel. It is worth understanding that long-term use non-quality gasoline It may lead to the emergence of all those malfunctions in the engine and its systems that we wrote about in the previous paragraph.
3. Inaccuracies in the operation of the gas distribution system.
Again, the problem will be that the fuel mixture does not burn in the engine and is thrown into the atmosphere as black smoke. For example, if the timing belt was stretched, the gases from the combustion chamber can exit with the wrong frequency, as a result of which the fuel mixture simply will not be burned. In such a situation, in addition to dirty smoke from the exhaust pipe, the uneven operation of the engine will also appear, the driver will mark the low car traction.
4. Inaccuracies in the cooling system. Sometimes the breakdown in this system leads to the fact that the cooling fluid also falls into the combustion chamber with fuel and air. As a result, a very dirty smoke will begin to go out of the exhaust pipe. The main confirmation of the fact that the problem really lies in the cooling system, there will be a sharp decrease in the level of cooling fluid in the tank. There is such mixing due to cracks in the case of the system, or the wear of the gasket.
5. Violation of tightness and the absence of the required amount of lubrication. In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to the integrity of cylinders, connecting rings and engine pistons. Often to this can lead the use of low-quality oil with the presence of abrasive particles. Also should not exclude the development of corrosion foci.
6. Compressor malfunctions in turbo engines. As a result, motor oil Again, it will fall into the engine and the exhaust system. Sometimes the oil can burn and outside the combustion chamber, which, in turn, can cause the walls of different elements of the car.
7. Rule of the membrane of the Vacuum Sensor Control Box Machine.
As a result, the oil from the gearbox will fall into one of the cylinders. We have already written about the consequences of the presence of oil in the engine. But in each of the described case, the intensity of smoke and its color can be quite different. In order for this issue it was easier to understand, we will tell about every color of smoke separately.
2. What does the black color of the exhaust signal signals?
The reasons for the appearance of black smoke in the case of gasoline and diesel engines are different. For this reason, it will be more rational to consider them in order.
Black exhaust smoke from a gasoline engine
In the most frequent cases of the car exhaust pipe with gasoline engine It comes out black smoke if too much fuel falls into the combustion chamber. As we have already written above, this may occur for very different reasons. Therefore, to eliminate the fault, you will need to check:
1. Carburetor. If it is not adjusted, that is, its valves are not completely closed, too much gasoline will be poured into the combustion chamber, and an excessively enriched mixture is unable to be uniformly and efficiently burned in such conditions. True, if it really is in the carburetor, you should not try to fix the situation yourself. Without the presence of special experience, the situation can also be aggravated.
2. Nozzles. If they are not sealed, the situation we described above will also arise. As a result, a lot of soot will be formed in the process, which will paint smoke in black.
3. Sensor mass flow fuel. This sensor monitors air supply to the combustion chamber. If he does not control this process, too little air will be supplied to the combustion chamber, which will again lead to the appearance of black smoke.
Black smoke from car exhaust pipe with diesel engine
In fact, the reasons for the appearance of black smoke during the operation of the diesel engine are the same as when gasoline. But still, in such a situation, there is one fine nuance that needs to be checked additionally.
Interesting to know: An ideal material for the manufacture of exhaust pipes is stainless steel. Thanks to her, the weight of all elements is quite large, but it gives it reliability.
We are talking about high pressure in the ramp. In the presence of high pressure pump, calibrated indicators may be knocked out. In this case, the pressure in the ramp can rise to too high values, which will lead to the malfunction of the engine and the appearance of black smoke from its exhaust pipe.
3. For what reasons appear white exhaust smoke?
When warming up cold EngineThe appearance of a white-colored smoke exhaust pipe is considered quite acceptable. True, in this case, it will be out of the pipe at all, but the usual couples, which will be converted to the water accumulated in the exhaust system. As the automotive motor warms, this manifestation disappears, so it's not worth worrying for this reason.
But it should be noted that if the atmosphere temperature drops to -10 ° C, white pairs from the pipe will go out regardless of whether the engine warmed or not. If a real frost hit the degree 20-25 - smoke will become very thick and acquired a dairy color. Thus, all car owners should understand that the appearance of white smoke from the exhaust pipe with negative air temperatures is considered normal. At the same time, the higher the humidity of the air, the point and whiter will be pairing.
But another reason for the appearance of white smoke from the exhaust pipe is to enter the coolant cylinders. Since it contains a certain amount of water, moisture in the process of burning will not have time to completely evaporate, so something like a thick fog is formed from it, which will come out of the pipe.
But at the same time, the so-called oil smoke can be carefully closed to the smoke, because sometimes the so-called oil smoke can go under the same type of exhaust pipe, which, however, has a more violent shade. If steam does come out of the pipe, it will immediately dissipate, but as for smoke, then the cloud after it will be even long to hang in the air.
In order to make sure that the oil does not leave through the exhaust pipe, over a few moments, cover it with a hole with ordinary paper. If only steam leaves from the pipe, then the drops on paper will soon disappear without a trace. If the oil - the bold stains will remain on paper. We spoke about the causes of antifreeze into the engine cylinders in the first section of this article.
Interesting to know: If from the exhaust system to pick up the catalyst and silencer, the motor will work much better. Only here noise, it will create several times more.
To eliminate white smoke it is very important to check the health of the entire cooling system. In particular, attention should be paid to:
- thermostat;
Fan operation sensor;
Fan;
Radiator (all of its plugs, hoses and connections).
It stands for some time to stop the operation of the car. After all, if malfunctions are really present, intensive operation can significantly aggravate the situation. After all, antifreeze and oil entering the engine leads to a very rapid wear of all parts. And the repair of the engine, as is known, the case is very expensive.
4. Causes of the SIZAL (blue) smoke from the exhaust pipe.
With the appearance of blue smoke from the exhaust pipe, it is not necessary to count on the fact that it will continue to go away soon. Such "symptoms" signals the inevitable repairs, because engine oil fell into the engine. Most frequent cause This is the wear of parts through which the liquid and seeps.
What could wear?
1. Valve stem seals. Usually learn about it only after replacing the oil. The fact is that during the operation of the old one, it is strongly polluted, thick and itself performs the role of the gland, without leaving the limits of the system. But when the fresh and clean liquid is poured, more liquid in its consistency, it is no longer possible to avoid the flow.
2.
If oil-leaf rings wear out, as a result, oil also begins to flow, which leads to the formation of a sizogue smoke. To find out what state is these rings, it is worth checking compression.
If the SIZY smoke appeared when working a diesel engine, then the reasons for its appearance will be similar. It is not worth pulling with repairs, because if some parts have already been worn out, others will begin to wear.
