Belarusian Automobile Plant. History of the brand Belaz Where does it have a button

The BelAZ company has created the world's largest dump truck BelAZ-75710 with a carrying capacity of 450 tons, which is equivalent to three hundred Ford focus, 37 double decker buses or two and a half blue whales. By the way, the Airbus A380 - the largest passenger aircraft in the world - weighs significantly less, only 277 tons.

Let's take a look at this car in more detail ...

On September 25, the world's largest mining dump truck BelAZ-75710 was presented at the test site. The carrying capacity of the new machine is 450 tons. Prior to that, the largest trucks were considered BelAZ-75601 (created at the Belarusian Automobile Plant in 2007) and the Swiss Liebherr T282B (appeared in 2003) - both with a carrying capacity of 360 tons. The total weight of the vehicle is 810 tons. The car will soon be entered into the Guinness Book of Records.

The power plant of the record-breaking BelAZ-75710 includes 2 diesel engines with a total capacity of 8500 hp, designed to supply energy to the electric motors that drive the giant wheels of the truck. The top speed of the supercar is 64 km / h.

The equipment of the BelAZ-75710 includes a system for monitoring dead zones, an air conditioner, an alarm about approaching a high-voltage line, as well as a fire extinguishing system. The largest mining dump truck in the world is designed to work in difficult conditions in open pit mines and in deep quarries at temperatures from -50 to +50 degrees. 8 dump truck wheels equipped with tubeless tires, allow a heavy machine to easily move on technological roads.

BelAZ-75710 was presented in the city of Zhodino, in honor of the 65th anniversary of the Belarusian Automobile Plant, known all over the world for its heavy equipment and mining dump trucks. The emergence of the largest truck in the world is dictated by modern conditions, when the mining industry requires more and more heavy and powerful equipment. V last years the production of extra-high-capacity mining dump trucks has doubled and the growth trend continues. Taking into account the demand on the market, BelAZ will produce about 1000 such vehicles per year.

To increase the rate of production at the Belarusian enterprise, a development program has been actively pursued over the past year and a half, within the framework of which new workshops with an area of more than 30 thousand square meters were built. A lot of new equipment has appeared, and in the near future it is planned to install about 700 machine tools and special technological units. Currently BelAZ produces the widest the lineup mining dump trucks. No other manufacturer in the world has such a number of models.

In addition, the service life of the vehicles has grown from 400 thousand to 1 million kilometers. In total, in its entire history, the Belarusian car factory has released more than 500 different models carrying capacity from 30 to 450 tons. For all the time, 136 thousand cars were manufactured, which are operated in 72 countries of the world.

The Belarusian Automobile Plant, the construction of which began near the city of Zhodino near Minsk (then still the Peat Machine Building Plant) in 1948, today produces products, the world analogues of which can be counted on the fingers of one hand.

For more than half a century history of the Belarusian automobile enterprise near Minsk, more than 120,000 units of quarry equipment have been produced. BelAZ trucks operate in almost 50 countries of the world. And the history of the plant began in Soviet everyday life: in 1946, the authorities decided to build a peat machine-building plant (Resolution of the Supreme Soviet of the BSSR 11.09.1946 No. 137/308). Literally 2 years later, Belpromproekt has already completed the development and approval of the plant's project. So the Belarusians moved from the planning phase to the construction of buildings.

The Zhodino enterprise showed its first products in 1950, and the very next year the Peat Machine Building Plant was redesigned into the Dormash Road and Land Reclamation Machine Plant. In 1958 the enterprise received a new name, under which it is still known - “Belarusian Automobile Plant”. The first 25-ton dump truck MAZ-525 rolled out of the gates of the enterprise with a new name.

Further more. In the same year, the production of 25-ton MAZ-525 dump trucks was transferred from the Minsk Automobile Plant to Zhodino. And in 1960, in the Minsk region, the production of the first samples of the MAZ-530 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 40 tons was launched. By that time, the thousandth MAZ-525 rolled off the assembly line in Zhodino.

But for the enterprise, which bore the proud name of an automobile plant, one assembly of trucks under license, of course, was not enough. Therefore, in 1960, it began to design dump trucks of a fundamentally new design for the development of mineral deposits in an open way.

However, already in April 1960, BelAZ created its own design service, headed by Z.L. Sirotkin, who came to Zhodino from Minsk together with a group of MAZ designers. The newly created department had a difficult problem to solve. Until recently, considered a model of new technology, MAZ-525 ceased to meet the increasing requirements of operators. Powerful mining and coal pits, large hydrotechnical construction sites, and construction industry enterprises needed more highly productive dump trucks, which were maximally adapted, first of all, to the working conditions in the quarries.

The design service and the management of the enterprise decide not to improve the existing model of a dump truck, but to create a completely new car... This period can be called a landmark in the history of the Belarusian Automobile Plant. Factory designers studied the operating conditions and the required specifications future dump truck, contours were born on the vertical future car, the correctness of the adopted technical solutions was checked on the test benches.

Probably, now it may seem incredible, but then, in the era of unprecedented labor enthusiasm of the first post-war five-year plans, it was an almost ordinary event: in less than one year at a young plant, a fundamentally new mining dump truck with a carrying capacity of 27 tons was created under the name BelAZ-540, a prototype of which was released in September 1961.

The design of this car was based on many new technical solutions for mechanical engineering, which subsequently ensured highly efficient operation of the dump truck in quarry conditions.

This is a pneumohydraulic suspension used for the first time in the practice of the domestic automotive industry, which ensured a high smoothness of travel both in laden and unladen state, a hydromechanical transmission, which was also used for the first time in the practice of our mechanical engineering for mass-produced machines, an original layout: the location of the cab near the engine allowed get the minimum base and minimum dimensions and thereby increase the maneuverability of the machine, increase its stability, the bucket-type platform made it possible to lower the center of gravity and also increase the stability of the car.

Original solutions for systems of steering and tipping of the platform, empennage and other units have become traditional in the creation of dump trucks of the next classes of carrying capacity.

BelAZ-540 became the ancestor of a whole family of heavy-duty dump trucks. In 1967, the enterprise mastered the production of a 40-ton BelAZ-548A dump truck, designed taking into account the maximum possible unification of the main units and parts of the two machines.

1968 was the year of birth of the BelAZ-549 prototype - the base dump truck of the 75-80 tonne capacity class, the first model with an electromechanical transmission. In 1977, prototypes of the BelAZ-7519 dump truck were produced - the basic dump truck of the 110-120 ton capacity class. Six years later, the plant started serial production of BelAZ-75211, a basic dump truck of 170-220 ton capacity class.

By 1986, the plant could produce up to 6,000 units of such equipment per year, which was half of the world's production.

BelAZ did not intend to stop at this. In 1963, a prototype of the second development of the plant's designers - the BelAZ-548 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 40 tons - rolled off the assembly line.

In 1966, the Belarusian Automobile Plant launched the serial production of the BelAZ-548A dump truck - the basic dump truck of the 40-45 t load class. The plant itself was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and received a gold medal at the international exhibition in Plovdiv for the BelAZ-540.

Another novelty of the Belarusian automobile enterprise was the BelAZ-549 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 75 tons. The first prototype of this vehicle of the class of carrying capacity 75-80 tons was produced in 1968. By unique developments, Belarusians seriously declared themselves to the entire Union, proving that such giants can be created in a small republic.

The next stage of design took place already in the 70s. In 1977, prototypes of the BelAZ-7519 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 110 tons appeared - a basic dump truck of the 110-120 tons capacity class. So the Belarusian enterprise jumped over several weight categories in one jump.

In 1978, the plant mastered a new technique for itself - airfield tractors for towing aircraft with a take-off weight of 100 tons. Fortunately, the Belarusians already had a chassis for them. But in the race to increase the traction properties of BelAZs, it was too early to put an end to it. In 1982, prototypes of the 170-ton BelAZ-75211 dump truck, representative of the 170-200 ton capacity class, rolled off the Zhodino conveyor.

In 1990, BelAZ made a splash by building a huge dump truck with a carrying capacity of 280 tons. The car turned out to be so serious that after its appearance the ardor of engineers cooled slightly. In 1994, Belarusians again turned to the "small" class: a prototype of the BelAZ-7555 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 55 tons, the leading model of a new family of dump trucks with a hydromechanical transmission, was created. It was followed 2 years later by the release of the 130-ton BelAZ-75131, which became the firstborn in a new family of dump trucks with an electromechanical transmission.

However, by the 1998 crisis year, Zhodno realized that without a serious modernization of production, the future prospects of the plant are vague. At BelAZ, the reconstruction of the existing production began, focused on updating the quarry equipment, developing new models, improving the quality and technical level both individual units and systems, and produced as a whole.

As a result, in 2000 the production association (the plant received this status in 1995) was awarded the "Crystal Nika" award under the International Program "Partnership for Progress", and to CEO BelAZ P.? L. Mariev was awarded the title "Director of the Year", and later the title of "Hero of Belarus".

Flattered by the success, the Belarusians set to work with renewed vigor, and in 2002 built an all-wheel drive articulated dump truck BelAZ-7528 with a carrying capacity of 36 tons, as well as a 77-ton truck, BelAZ-7555G.

In the early 1990s, marked by the collapse of the USSR and a sharp decline in production, BelAZ did not stop producing any of the models of mining dump trucks, covering a range of carrying capacities from 30 to 220 tons. Moreover, he included in the production program other special heavy transport equipment, the production of which has been mastered since the nineties of the last century: dump trucks off-road with hydromechanical transmission, road construction machines and machines for servicing mining and transport operations, such as loaders, bulldozers, towing tractors and irrigation machines; technique for underground works, machines for metallurgical enterprises, etc.

The progressive solutions incorporated in the design of the first Belarusian mining dump trucks allowed further improvement of the units and systems of machines of all classes of carrying capacity, the introduction of new components and materials, the gradual modernization of dump trucks with the creation of new modifications based on the use of diesel engines, transmissions and tires produced by various companies. The plant specialists have always paid special attention to the adaptability of the equipment to the operating conditions, creating in each class of dump trucks variants in the northern and tropical versions, for the transportation of light loads, etc.

The model range of equipment manufactured by the Belarusian Automobile Plant was also supplemented by new-generation machines - a 55-ton mining dump truck BelAZ-7555, a mining dump truck BelAZ-75131 with a carrying capacity of 130 tons, which was designed taking into account more than 15 years of operating experience of its predecessor - a 120-ton a dump truck, as well as the largest in the history of the domestic automotive industry, a BelAZ-75600 mining dump truck with a carrying capacity of 320 tons.

In total, over the entire history of the department of the chief designer of the Belarusian Automobile Plant, more than 600 modifications of mining dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 27 to 320 tons have been developed, the enterprise has produced more than 130 thousand units of mining dump trucks, which have been sent to more than 70 countries throughout the history of the plant.

Significantly expanded production line BelAZ, and primarily due to the underground theme, the entry into its structure of the Mogilev Automobile Plant. The department of underground and road construction equipment, which provides design support for production at the branch in Mogilev, also joined the design service of the Belarusian Automobile Plant. The special design bureau of UGK BelAZ is developing the design of freight rolling stock produced at the Mogilev Carriage Works, which has also recently become part of PO BelAZ.

Only recently at BelAZ have been developed and manufactured pilot batches:

90-ton BelAZ-75570 mining dump trucks with a 6-speed hydromechanical gearbox; according to the test results, the preparation of serial production is being completed, a pilot batch of mining dump trucks has been shipped to the city of Belogorsk by Rusal Transport Achinsk LLC;

45-ton mining dump trucks BelAZ-75450 with a service life increased to 600 thousand km, a prototype of which was successfully tested in the Chelyabinsk region of Russia at OAO Yuzhuralzoloto;

320-ton BelAZ-75600 mining dump trucks. The first machine of this series passed acceptance tests under operating conditions at OJSC "UK" Kuzbassrazrezugol "in the Kemerovo region, which showed that the use of BelAZ-75600 dump trucks provides an increase in productivity by 35-40% and a corresponding reduction in the cost of transport work. On the basis of the main units of the 320-ton truck, a mining dump truck BelAZ-75601 with a carrying capacity of 360 tons was developed, a prototype of which was manufactured for the anniversary of the UGK.

However, it would be wrong to say that the quarry equipment, developed and produced at BelAZ for half a century, owes its birth only to the Belarusian land. BelAZ managed to accomplish a huge amount of research and design work in the creation of machines with hydromechanical transmission in the 60s of the last century thanks to the wide cooperation of the plant with many organizations, including NAMI, the Electric Welding Institute, the Barnaul plant of transport engineering, Yaroslavl motor plant other.

The creation of the first sample of a mining dump truck with an electromechanical transmission BelAZ-549 with a carrying capacity of 75 tons was carried out according to the program of the State Committee of Science and Technology of the USSR with the participation of co-executors, including the Ural Turbomotor Plant, the Dynamo plant, the NII KGSh (Dnepropetrovsk), the plant Sibelektroprivod ".

The technology of a new generation got a start in life at the largest mining enterprises, where prototypes were tested and the correctness of the adopted technical solutions was checked: at the Bachatsky and Neryungri coal mines, Olenegorsky, Lebedinsky and Balkhash GOKs, Pechenganikel MMC and other enterprises.

The scientific and technical center of BelAZ, created in 2005, which united the department of the chief designer, the department of underground and road construction equipment, an experimental workshop and a testing laboratory, consolidated the creative forces of not only the workers of the plant, but also mining scientific institutions of the CIS countries, such as as FSUE TsNII-ferrousmet im. I.B. Bardin ", Krivoy Rog Technical University, Research and Design Institute" Yakutniproalmaz ", St. Petersburg State Mining Institute, etc.

On the day of celebration of the 50th anniversary, BelAZ organized an exhibition of products manufactured by the enterprise, where they showed both serially produced equipment and new developments.

One of the new products of the enterprise was the largest mining dump truck in the line of BelAZ-75601 equipment with a carrying capacity of 360 tons.

It is designed as a machine of a higher technical level and capacity class using the basic units of the BelAZ-75600 dump truck and component parts and assemblies of the world's leading manufacturers. It is equipped with a diesel engine MTU 20V4000 with a capacity of 3750 hp, transmission alternating current from Siemens, tires measuring 59 / 80R63 with a diameter of 4 meters.

And the main surprise of the exhibition of equipment was the car of the next generation - the remotely controlled mining dump truck BelAZ-75137. This is a prototype that the company's specialists only teach to “walk”. Further development of the dump truck design dictates the need to develop a fully autonomously controlled machine without human intervention. This development is designed to reduce the influence of the human factor during work in hard-to-reach places mining with hazardous operating conditions, as well as eliminate the impact on the dump truck operator of harmful environmental factors.

The control system of this dump truck consists of onboard system control and working (remote) operator's place. An optoelectronic system installed on a dump truck ensures the safety of driving a car in all weather and climatic conditions, even in the dark.

Diesel engine MTU DD 12V4000 1623 hp with new electronic fuel management and diagnostics, Tier1 emission compliant. The dump truck is equipped with a variable transmission direct current, there are also a number of new design solutions in different systems giant.

But even such hulks are freezing:

Published: March 12, 2011

ON " BelAZ"- JSC" "is one of the largest in the world and the only manufacturer of quarry equipment in the CIS. The enterprise manufactures mining dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 30 to 360 tons, equipment for ensuring the production cycle in quarries, machines for underground work, bulldozers, loaders, airfield tractors.

BelAZ is an export-oriented enterprise: more than 70% of its products are sold in Russia. The plant owns about 30% of the global mining dump truck market. It is one of the seven leading companies in the world for the production of quarry equipment.

Chronology of the Belaz plant

1946 - A decision was made to build a peat machine-building plant (Resolution of the Supreme Council of the BSSR 11.09.1946 No. 137/308).

1948 Belpromproekt completed the development and approval of the plant's project. The construction of factory buildings has begun.

1950 The company produced the first products.

1951 The Peat Machine Building Plant was redesigned into the Dormash Road and Land Reclamation Machine Plant.

1958 The enterprise received a new name - "Belarusian Automobile Plant". The first 25-ton dump truck MAZ-525 came out of the gates of the enterprise.

1960 The first samples of the MAZ-530 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 40 tons were assembled. The 1000th MAZ-525 dump truck was manufactured.

The enterprise has started designing dump trucks of a fundamentally new design for the development of mineral deposits by the open method.

1961 The first prototype of the 27-ton mining dump truck BELAZ-540 was produced.

1963 A prototype of a BELAZ-548 dump truck with a lifting capacity of 40 tons was manufactured.

1965 At the international exhibition in Leipzig BELAZ-540 was awarded a gold medal.

1966 At the Belarusian Automobile Plant, the serial production of the BELAZ-548A dump truck with a carrying capacity of 40 tons - the basic dump truck of the class of carrying capacity 40-45 tons - was started. The plant was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. At the international exhibition in Plovdiv BELAZ-540 was awarded a gold medal.

1967 At the jubilee Leipzig exhibition 1000th gold medal awarded to the BELAZ-548A dump truck.

1968 Awarded the USSR State Prize. 11 workers of the plant became laureates. The first prototype of a dump truck BELAZ-549 with a carrying capacity of 75 tons - a basic dump truck of a class of carrying capacity 75-80 tons, was produced.

1977 Prototypes of the BELAZ-7519 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 110 tons - a basic dump truck of a class of carrying capacity 110-120 tons - were produced.

1978 The production of aerodrome tractors for towing aircraft with a take-off weight of 100 tons began

1982 Prototypes of the BELAZ-75211 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 170 tons were produced - a basic dump truck of a class of carrying capacity 170-200 tons

1983 The 1000th BELAZ-549 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 75 tons was assembled.

1990 The largest dump truck in the history of the Belarusian Automobile Plant with a carrying capacity of 280 tons was produced

1994 A prototype of the BELAZ-7555 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 55 tons was manufactured - the leading model of a new family of dump trucks with a hydromechanical transmission.

1995 Belarusian Automobile Plant became a Production Association. PO "BELAZ" was awarded the "International Diamond Star of Quality" by the Mexican National Institute of Marketing

1996 The enterprise started production of the BELAZ-75131 dump truck with a carrying capacity of 130 tons - the leading model of a new family of dump trucks with an electromechanical transmission. Among its advantages - promising transmission of alternating-direct current; new design rear axle, allowing to minimize labor intensity Maintenance brake mechanisms; a new platform that ensures its rational loading; new comfortable cab; reliable, powerful and efficient Cummins engine.

1997 PO "BELAZ" was awarded the XVIII International Prize "For Technology and Quality" of the Club of Trade Leaders (headquarters: Madrid, Spain)

1998 PO "BELAZ" was awarded the X Gold Prize of America "For Quality" Reconstruction of the existing production began at PA "BELAZ", focused on updating the range of opencast mining equipment, developing new models, improving the quality and technical level of both individual units and systems, and produced equipment as a whole.

2000 PO “BELAZ” was awarded the “Crystal Nika” award under the International Program “Partnership for Progress”, General Director of PO “BELAZ” PL Mariev was awarded the title of Director of the Year with a Diploma and Gold Medal.

2001 For selfless work, exceptional merits in the development of the domestic automotive industry to the General Director of PO "BELAZ" P.L. Mariev was one of the first in the republic to be awarded the title “Hero of Belarus”.

2002 A prototype of an all-wheel drive articulated dump truck BELAZ-7528 with a carrying capacity of 36 tons was manufactured. Mariev was awarded the title " Honorable Sir the city of Zhodino ".

A prototype of a BELAZ-7555G dump truck with a carrying capacity of 77 tons has been manufactured. On the eve of the Machine Builder's Day in the park named after "50th anniversary of PO" BELAZ "a dump truck" BELAZ "was installed on a pedestal in honor of the creators of the Belarusian mining equipment.

In September 2005, a prototype of the BelAZ-75600 mining dump truck with a carrying capacity of 320 tons was produced at the Belarusian Automobile Plant. Comfortable work of the driver. Significantly expanded the production line of BelAZ, and primarily due to the underground theme, the incorporation of the Mogilev Automobile Plant. The department of underground and road-building equipment, which provides design support for production at the branch in Mogilev, also joined the design service of the Belarusian Automobile Plant. The special design bureau of UGK BelAZ is developing the design of freight rolling stock produced at the Mogilev Carriage Works, which has also recently become part of PO BelAZ.

Only recently at BelAZ have been developed and manufactured pilot batches: 90-ton mining dump trucks BelAZ-75570 with GMP 6 + 1. According to the test results, the preparation of their serial production is coming to an end; 45-ton BelAZ-75450 mining dump trucks with an increased to 600 thousand km. run by the operating resource, the prototype of which was successfully tested in the Chelyabinsk region of Russia at OAO Yuzhuralzoloto; 320-ton BelAZ-75600 mining dump trucks. The first machine of this series has passed acceptance tests under operating conditions at OJSC MC Kuzbassrazrezugol in the Kemerovo region Russian Federation, which showed that the use of BelAZ-75600 dump trucks provides an increase in productivity by 35-40% and a corresponding reduction in the cost of transport work. The first industrial batch of these Belarusian giants is also successfully operating at OJSC MC Kuzbassrazrezugol. A mining dump truck BelAZ-75601 with a carrying capacity of 360 tons was developed on the basis of the main units of the 320-ton truck. The prototype of this dump truck was made for the 50th anniversary of the chief designer's department, which the company celebrated in April 2010.

Among the new developments of BelAZ - the 160-ton dump truck BelAZ-75170, also made prototypes of the 50-ton underground dump truck BelAZ-75810 and the 9-ton underground loader and haul truck MoAZ-4055, the MoAZ-75054 off-road dump truck with a carrying capacity of 25 tons with the new interior of the cab of the BelAZ-75310 mining dump truck with a carrying capacity of 240 tons. In total, over the entire history of the enterprise, the Belarusian Automobile Plant has developed more than 600 modifications of mining dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 27 to 360 tons, more than 130 thousand units of mining dump trucks have been produced, which throughout the history of the enterprise have been sent to more than 70 countries of the world.

So, to sum up, the construction of a peat machine building plant near the city of Zhodino near Minsk began in 1948. In 1958, the production of 25-ton MAZ-525 dump trucks was transferred from the Minsk Automobile Plant to Zhodino. Subsequently, the enterprise was renamed into the Belarusian Automobile Plant. The first model he independently developed - the 27-ton BelAZ-540 - appeared in 1961. By 1986, the plant could produce up to 6,000 units of such equipment per year, which was half of their world production.

For more than half a century of the enterprise's history, more than 130 thousand units of quarry equipment have been produced here - this is much more than its main competitor - Caterpillar... BelAZ are the most large cars in the space of the former Soviet Union- work in almost 50 countries around the world. The plant's products have been repeatedly awarded prizes for quality at various international exhibitions. In particular:

1995 BelAZ is awarded the International Diamond Quality Star by the Mexican National Institute of Marketing.
1997 PO "BelAZ" was awarded the 18th International Prize "For Technology and Quality" of the Club of Trade Leaders.
1998 PO "BelAZ" was awarded the 10th Gold Prize of America "For Quality".
2000 PO BelAZ was awarded the Khrustalnaya Nika award under the International Partnership for Progress program, General Director of PA BelAZ PL Mariev was awarded the title of Director of the Year with a Diploma and a Gold Medal.

One of the largest investment projects in the CIS is being successfully implemented at BelAZ. Completed two of the three planned stages of technical re-equipment of production. For this, contracts and agreements for the supply of equipment were concluded with the Czech company "ALTA" and the Czech Export Bank. 435 units of obsolete equipment were decommissioned, more than 300 units of new equipment were put into operation for the amount of more than $ 90 million. As a result, the wear rate of technological equipment decreased from 89% to 59%. The company continues to renovate and create high-tech production facilities. In 2006, the reconstruction of the foundry at the Mogilev Automobile Plant, which is part of BelAZ, will be completed. The quality system in the design, development, production, installation and maintenance of mining dump trucks complies with the requirements of the International Standards of the ISO 9000 series.

In March 2004, the first BelAZ service center in Russia was opened at the Kedrovsky coal mine of OJSC MC Kuzbassrazrezugol. The center carries out all types of repairs heavy vehicles according to the original BelAZ technology, serving not only in Kuzbass, but also in other regions. In addition, the service center directly sells spare parts, components and assemblies, allowing you to refuse the services of intermediaries.

In 2005 it is planned to assemble 1400-1470 dump trucks at the plant. Among them is the largest mining dump truck "BelAZ 75600" with a payload capacity of 320 tons with a classic 4x2 wheel arrangement. Such a car was created at the Belarusian Automobile Plant for the first time, and there are less than a hundred cars of this class in the world. The plant invested $ 9 million in this project. Machine weight - 240 tons, height - 7.22 meters, length - 14.9 meters, width - 9.25 meters, engine capacity 3.5 thousand Horse power... The dump truck will be used in Russia, in the Kemerovo region. In the future, Kemerovo customers plan to purchase two more 320-ton vehicles.

In 2005, BelAZ increased its production of marketable products in comparison with 2004 by 30.8%. The output of consumer goods increased by 9.5%. The share of new types of products was 28.8%. In 2005, 64.6% of all sold products were sent to Russia.

PO BelAZ won a tender for the supply of 220 ton dump trucks to China, in addition, during 2006, the company plans to take part in four more Chinese tenders for the supply of high payload dump trucks, one of which was announced for 320 ton trucks. In October 2010, in the suburbs of Beijing, it is planned to open an assembly plant for dump trucks.

It is also planned to create a joint venture for the assembly of BelAZ equipment in Venezuela.

From: Vasiliev A., & nbsp18199 views

What to see

An excursion to "BELAZ", as a rule, consists of two parts: visiting the museum and getting to know the dump trucks directly. The museum exposition is located in the building of the plant management. The most noticeable part of it is the models of the equipment produced by the enterprise. And the layouts themselves, due to their authenticity, deserve attention. The exposition also includes photographs, documents, awards, pieces of rocks and minerals that were mined thanks to the work of the BELAZ equipment. After telling about the history and achievements of the plant, the excursion continues at the open-air exhibition area.

The plant covers an area of 1.68 km², which is about 260 standard football fields. Therefore, tourists are transported around the territory of "BELAZ" by bus, stopping as needed.

The history of the Belarusian Automobile Plant (BelAZ) begins in September 1958, in the village of Zhodino on the outskirts of the city of Minsk on the basis of a plant for reclamation and road cars, built in 1947. Its specialization became heavy mining dump trucks with an all-metal body and rear unloading. The pioneer in the production of mining dump trucks in the USSR was the Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ), where in 1950, under the leadership of chief designer B.L. Shaposhnik, the first domestic 25-ton dump truck MAZ-525 was created, and in 1957 - a 3-axle version of MAZ-530 (6 × 4) with a carrying capacity of 40 tons. MAZ-525 became the first vehicle that was assembled at the Belarusian Automobile Plant November 6, 1958

MAZ-530 production was also transferred there. These dump trucks had a 12-cylinder V-shaped diesel D-12A with a capacity of 300 and 450 hp, planetary wheel gears and tires with a landing diameter of 32 inches. In September 1961, BelAZ assembled the first 27-ton BelAZ-540 dump truck with a gross weight of 48 tons. Produced since September 1965, it was equipped with a D-12A V12 diesel engine (38.8 liters., 375 hp). ), automatic hydromechanical 3 stepped box gears, wheel planetary gears, power steering, 25-inch tires.

For the first time in the country, a hydropneumatic suspension and a combined hydraulic system were used on it. Since 1967, a modernized version of the BelAZ-540A has been produced with a new V12 diesel engine of the YaMZ-240 model (22.3 liters, 360 hp). The dump truck had wheelbase 3550 mm., Developed a maximum speed of 55 km / h. This car was the first in the USSR to be awarded the honorary quality mark at that time and corresponded to the world level. Since 1972, the so-called northern and tropical (export) versions have been produced - respectively “540C” and “540T”.

The 540V semitrailer tractor operated as part of a 45-ton dump truck train. Simultaneously with them, the plant offered a dump truck-coal carrier “7510”, in which the geometric capacity of the body was increased from 15 to 19 m 3. In 1967, the basis of the second, heavier family, was a 2-axle 40-ton dump truck BelAZ-548A with a gross weight of 69 tons with a wheelbase of 4200 mm. and a body with a capacity of 21 m 3. It used a diesel engine YaMZ-240N with a turbocharging capacity of 500 hp. The car was equipped with gigantic wheels at that time with tires measuring 21.00-33.

The rest of its design was the same as the previous “540” family. In 1972 this dump truck began to be assembled in the northern version "548C", as a coal carrier "7525" with a 27 cc body and truck tractor"548V" for work with dump semi-trailers with a carrying capacity of 65 tons. A diesel-electric road train with 4 traction motor-wheels with a capacity of 800 kW was also manufactured. Since 1968, using the units of these dump trucks, a 1-axle BelAZ-531 tractor has been produced for towing a scraper or a dump truck, the total weight of which reached 60 tons.

The development of this direction later became low and short-base aerodrome tractors for towing large airliners with a take-off weight of up to 210 tons. The plant offered three models “6411”, “7421” (1978), “74211” (1988) with diesel engines power of 375-525 hp, hydromechanical transmissions and suspensions, front and rear lifting cabins. In the 60s. the implementation of a program for the creation of dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 110 tons and more began on the basis of fundamentally different design solutions, which primarily included an electric transmission.

The car's engine drove a DC generator that supplied power to the built-in hubs rear wheels traction electric motors, called "motor-wheel". The first in December 1968, on the eve of the 50th anniversary of the Byelorussian SSR, was built an experienced 75-ton BelAZ-549 dump truck with a wheelbase of 4450 mm., A V8 diesel engine (58.2 liters., 950-1000 hp). ), an electric generator of 500 kW., motor-wheels with a capacity of 230 kW. each, independent hydropneumatic wheel suspension, separate hydraulic front and rear brakes, tires in size 27.00-49. The body capacity was 38-40 m 3, the gross weight of the dump truck was 142 tons, maximum speed- 60 km / h.

The series “549”, produced since 1976, included the “549E” models with a V12 engine (43.7 liters, 1050 hp) with a turbocharger and an electric generator of 630 kW., “549B” and “549V” with V6 diesel engines ( 900 hp) or V8 (1100 hp), as well as the northern version "549C". Within the framework of experimental work in 1969, a BelAZ-549V truck tractor with a gas turbine power unit with a capacity of 1200 hp, towing a 120-ton semitrailer. Its development in 1976 was the BelAZ-7420 truck tractor for a single-axle BelAZ-9590 semi-trailer with a carrying capacity of 120 tons.

It was equipped with a turbocharged V8 diesel engine (58 liters, 1300 hp) and an 800 kW electric generator, and the semi-trailer also had a wheel motor. With a total mass of 222 tons, the road train developed a speed of 50 km / h, consuming 600 g of fuel per 100 km. In the 80s. the series "540" was replaced by a 30-ton version of the BelAZ-7522 with more economical engine power of 360 hp, new transmission with increased efficiency of the torque converter, an upgraded braking system and an updated radiator lining. The carbohydrate variant received the index “7526”.

Since 1981, they also produced 30-ton “75401” and “7540” for the removal of rock from deep quarries, equipped with a 445-horsepower diesel engine YaMZ-240PL2 with turbocharging. The modernized version “548” with a carrying capacity of 42 tons was designated BelAZ-7523, and its carbon version was designated “7527”. The successor of the “549” series is the 80-ton “7509” with rear disc brakes. In 1981, this series was developed in the design of the 110-ton dump truck “7519” with a wheelbase of 5300 mm. and a total weight of 195 tons.

It was equipped with a 1300 hp V8 diesel engine and a 630 kW generator. and four traction motor wheels of 360 kW each. each one. The “75191” variant received a V6 engine (1100 hp). Front and rear drum brakes had an independent hydraulic drive... This giant, 5 m wide and over 6 m high, had a body with a capacity of 44 m 3, tires measuring 33.00-51, developed a maximum speed of 60 km / h and consumed 420 liters. fuel per 100 km. A year later, “7521” appeared with a carrying capacity of 180 tons (gross weight 330 tons) - one of the largest and powerful cars of its time.

It used a turbocharged V12 diesel (87.2 liters, 2300 hp) and a maximum torque of 11860 Nm. The car was equipped with an electric transmission, which included a 1250 kW DC generator. and motor-wheels of 560 kW. The disc brakes had a pneumatic booster. The cabin was made 2-seater, the all-metal body with a capacity of 70 m 3 was equipped with heating. The tires were installed in the size 40.00-57. With a wheelbase of 6650 mm. overall dimensions were 13500x6050x7700 mm ..

The dump truck developed a speed of 50 km / h, and the average fuel consumption was 600 liters. for 100 km. By the end of the 80s. BelAZ has become the world's largest manufacturer of mining dump trucks, producing 5,000-5,500 of these machines annually. This is the only plant in the world where most of these cars are assembled on an assembly line. At the turn of the 80-90s. BelAZ slowed down the pace of its development, continuing to produce slightly modernized versions of the previous basic series.

The program was based on the models “7540”, “7548”, “7549”, “7512” and “75214” with a carrying capacity of 30, 42, 80, 120 and 180 tons, respectively, and their carbon versions with engines from 420 to 2300 hp. ... The first car of a new generation appeared in 1995. It was a 55-ton BelAZ-7555, for which a choice of diesel engines YaMZ, MTU (MTU) or Cummins (Cummins) with a capacity of 525-730 hp was offered, a hydromechanical gearbox home-made or American "Allison" (Allison), hydropneumatic wheel suspension with 35-inch tires.

In subsequent years, the plant continued to expand a new family of heavy-duty vehicles that retained the traditional electric transmission. In this difficult time, an updated range of unified dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 120-140 tons appeared. It was based on dump trucks “75121” and “75131” with V8 and V16 diesel engines with a capacity of 1200-1600 hp. and alternators with converters and traction motors direct current. This range was continued by the 200-ton model “75303” with a 2300 hp diesel engine.

The highest achievement of BelAZ and one of the world's largest diesel-electric dump trucks was the 280-ton BelAZ-75501 with a gross weight of 480 tons, built in 1992 together with Japanese company Komatsu. For the first time in the practice of the plant, an articulated frame, front gable wheels and disc brakes on all wheels, video cameras instead of rear-view mirrors. The turbocharged V12 diesel from the Kolomna plant (165.6 liters, 3150 hp) is placed outside the wheelbase, placed in front transversely and drives an alternator, which supplies electricity to all four motor-wheels. The maximum speed of the giant car is 40 km / h.

In 1995, economic reforms forced BelAZ to abruptly change its mainline direction and start assembling Polish 1.2-ton delivery trucks Lublin. To expand its program, BelAZ continues to develop and produce new technique: container ships “7542”, chassis for truck cranes “5840”, in-plant conveyors “7920” for transportation of ladles with molten metal, low-frame 140-ton conveyors “7921” and “7924” for metallurgical enterprises, watering vehicles “7648”. In the late 90s, BelAZ annually produced 850-1100 dump trucks and chassis.




Type of
Base	1948
Location	Republic of Belarus :
Key figures	Petr Parkhomchik ()
Industry
	,
	$ 1,021.3 million (2012)
	$ 165M - 338.6M (2017)

Number of employees	10739 (Q2 2015)
Site	Official site
Media files at Wikimedia Commons

Belarusian Automobile Plant (BelAZ; Belarusian Automated Plant) Is a company for the production of quarry equipment, located in. The enterprise produces, production equipment for work in, machines for underground work,. According to the company, it occupies 27.3% of the market for mining dump trucks with a carrying capacity of more than 90 tons (2017).

BelAZ is an export-oriented enterprise: in 2017, 95.7% of its products were exported. More than 65% of products are sold in. It is one of the seven leading companies in the world for the production of quarry equipment.

History of origin

Construction of a peat machine building plant near the city began in 1947. In the next decade, the main products of the plant were: brush cutters, trailed road rollers, snow blowers, snow loaders and watering machines. In the second half of the 1950s, the specialization of the plant was changed. In 1958, 25-ton units were transferred from production to Zhodino. Subsequently, the enterprise was renamed into the Belarusian Automobile Plant (BelAZ).

The first model independently developed by the plant with the help of an artist-designer from - 27-ton BelAZ-540 - appeared in. After testing, the dump truck was put into production in 1965 under the designation, and two years later it was joined by a 40-ton BelAZ-548A dump truck. In 1968, the plant in Zhodino mastered the production of heavy uniaxial tractors BelAZ-531.

In December 1968, on the eve of the 50th anniversary of the Byelorussian SSR, the automobile plant presented the first prototype of a mining dump truck (produced since 1976) with a carrying capacity of 75 tons, which differed from previous models electro-mechanical transmission.

In the early 1970s, the plant mastered the production of dump trucks-coal carriers on the basis of BelAZ-540A and BelAZ-548A. He also built experimental tipper road trains, one of which was equipped with a gas turbine power plant.

In November 1977, for the 60th anniversary of the October Socialist Revolution, a new BelAZ-7519 with a carrying capacity of 110 tons was presented.

In July 1979, on the eve of the 35th anniversary of the liberation of the hero-city of Minsk from the Nazi invaders, a giant dump truck with a carrying capacity of 180 tons was built.
Also in the late 1970s, the plant mastered specialized aerodrome tractors for towing aircraft with a total weight of 100 (BelAZ-6411) and 200 (BelAZ-7421) tons.

By 1986, the plant could produce up to 6,000 units of quarry and cargo equipment per year, which was half of their world production.

In 1990, BelAZ presented the largest dump truck BelAZ-7550 with a carrying capacity of 280 tons in the almost 35-year history of the enterprise.

The holding "BELAZ-HOLDING" includes such enterprises as OJSC "Kuzlitmash", Mogilev Carriage Works, Starodorozhsky Mechanical Plant,.
Over the history of the enterprise, more than 130 thousand units of quarry equipment have been produced here - this is much more than its main competitor - the company. BelAZs are the largest cars in the Soviet Union and then the CIS. In addition, the equipment of the Belarusian plant operates in almost 50 countries of the world.

Current situation

The main and practically the only seller of BelAZ equipment and spare parts during the Soviet era was the BelAZ-Service network of small state enterprises. However, in the process of restructuring, a significant complication of the activities of the dealer network occurred already on the territory of the Russian Federation, presumably due to the fact that significant changes in the economy took place in the Russian Federation, in particular, the transfer of business to private hands, while in Belarus socialist views on doing business were largely preserved. ...

As a result of the incident, the dealer network of branches of small state-owned enterprises was transformed into hundreds of small LLPs, which in fact do not have powerful and stable financial instruments, and the supplier's policy from Minsk has not changed in any way, namely: to obtain equipment and / or spare parts for BelAZ vehicles, need to be official dealer, who is obliged to plan and order the necessary spare parts for a year in advance for making purchases (and pay accordingly). In turn, this led to the immediate closure of some branches, which did not have the means to pay the annual need for BelAZ goods and to the gradual (slow) bankruptcy of most branches, due to the formation of illiquid assets (presumably due to the inability to predict demand due to constant the changing market situation).

On September 25, 2013, the Belarusian Automobile Plant presented the world's largest dump truck. Carrying capacity vehicle is 450 tons. The total mass of the new heavy-duty truck is 810 tons, the maximum speed is 64 kilometers per hour. The car is equipped with two diesel engines... The tires were custom-made by the firm.

In 2018 BelAZ produced 802 mining dump truck especially large carrying capacity (90 tons and more), this is a record in the entire history of the enterprise. Exports grew by 30.3% to $ 990.8 million. The main share of products was supplied to Russia (58.4%) and the CIS countries (27.5%).

Awards

The plant's products have been repeatedly awarded prizes for quality at various international exhibitions. In particular:

1966 -.
1995 - PO BelAZ was awarded the International Diamond Quality Star by the Mexican National Institute of Marketing.
1997 - Production Association "BelAZ" was awarded the 18th International Prize "For Technology and Quality" of the Trade Leaders Club.
1998 - Production Association "BelAZ" was awarded the 10th Gold Prize of America "For Quality".
2000 - PA "BelAZ" was awarded the "Crystal Nika" award under the International Program "Partnership for Progress", General Director of PA "BelAZ"