Adjustment of the UAZ Patriot bridge. UAZ: front axle

Car with four-wheel drive UAZ Patriot has two driving axles, and the front axle is not connected through a clutch or electronic systems... The design provides for the selection of torque through transfer case and further to the main gear of the bridge. Various photos and diagrams of both the front and rear axle can be viewed not only in catalogs, but also on sites on the Internet.

Design features, device

Car on the lift

There are no big differences in the device of the driving axles. The front axle of the UAZ Patriot has a single-stage design. This is reflected in the transmission of torque through the final drive and differential.

In the front hollow beam there are two axle shafts that perceive rotation from the driven gear main gear and transfer it to the hub. The half shafts transmit rotation through the CV joints.

When using the front axle, you can engage the wheels by turning on special couplings, also called hubs.

Possible malfunctions and their manifestation

Despite its simplicity, due to high load or violation of operating rules, malfunctions may occur that are easy to diagnose.

The front axle is characterized by the following malfunctions:

Increased noise during bridge operation. This device malfunction can be caused by:
- violation of adjustment and production of differential bearings;
- improper adjustment of bearings, production of gears in the design of the main gear reducer;
- low oil level in the axle housing.
The increased noise level during car acceleration and braking is due to:
- violation of the meshing or clearance of the main gears;
- increase in bearing clearances in the absence of adjustment or as a result of wear.
The knocking noise when the car starts to move is caused by wear on the pinion axle in the differential mechanism.
Lowering the oil level:
- loss of elasticity by the front axle oil seal;
- wear of the seals of the internal hinge;
- poor fastening of the bridge cover.
Noise while driving when cornering will be due to wear on one or more constant velocity joints.

It should be noted that malfunctions are similar to those that can occur in the rear axle parts. Taking into account the simple structure of the bridge, difficulties with repair, as a rule, do not arise.

The sequence of actions for different types of repair

Bearing adjustment

In order for the UAZ Patriot bridge to work reliably for a long time, after completing the necessary repair steps, it is necessary to correctly adjust the bearing clearances. Operations are performed in a specific order.

An adjusting ring is selected for the bearing of the main drive shaft. The thickness of the ring is determined by the difference in length from the imaginary line of the center of the axle shafts to the outer edge of the bearing with the thickness of the bearing itself.
After installing the adjusting ring and the drive gear, check the torque while rotating the shaft. It should not exceed 1.0-2.0 Nm.
Using a similar algorithm, an adjusting ring is selected for the driven gear.
When installing the differential, the bearing clearances of the axle shafts are set with adjusting nuts.
After mounting the mechanism, the torque at the output should be no more than 0.42 Nm when rotating behind the drive gear.
A necessary operation to control the correctness of the adjustments made is to check the absence of backlash, as well as the engagement of the gears of the mechanism along the contact patch. To do this, rotate the driven gear, controlling the contact point of the teeth.

Bridge tuning

The engagement should not be superficial or excessively deep, for which purpose adjusting rings of the required thickness are installed under the bearings.

As many people know, Russian roads do not differ in their quality, let alone off-road. To get around in such conditions. you need a car with excellent driving properties. It is these that the "UAZ-Patriot" possesses.

A little about the UAZ car

"UAZ-Patriot" has proven itself well on the Russian off-road. Moreover, the scope of application is very wide, ranging from an agricultural vehicle to military vehicles capable of performing assigned tasks in extreme conditions. The design of the "Patriot" is perfect for both everyday use and for excursions on impassable trails. Moreover, driving performance allows you to get through where cars never dreamed of. On this car, you can easily go fishing or hunting, and if bad weather befalls during the event, you can easily get out of any trouble by turning on front-wheel drive... The performance of the UAZ car depends on the quality of the spare parts. The front axle is no exception. If you use low-quality parts during repairs, complete failure is possible.

UAZ bridge: purpose and characteristics

The bridge is a beam between the wheels and ensures their reliable fastening. It is equipped with elastic parts, with the help of which the loads during movement are damped. Since the UAZ-Patriot is designed to operate in difficult conditions, the bridge must be of increased strength. In addition, almost the entire performance of the car depends on the drive axle, since due to the failure of at least one link, further operation of the car is impossible.

The bridge consists of:

Differential.
The main pair.
Half shafts.
Spring.

SUVs are under heavy load, therefore part of are the springs, not the springs. This is the reason for the excellent cross-country ability of the UAZ. The front axle is a rather complicated device, therefore it needs timely maintenance.

Varieties of bridges

Today, there are several types of vehicle bridges, some of which are installed on a UAZ vehicle. The front axle is a device that performs a huge number of functions. It is from him that permeability depends. For certain models use different types bridges:

Managed. In turn, it is divided into split and continuous. In most cases, this is the front drive axle of the vehicle. The split axle is used to transmit torque, as a result of which the vehicle's agility is increased. The continuous one is equipped with steering knuckles, which makes it possible to control the rotation of the wheels. For this type of bridge, a light and strong beam is required, for the manufacture of which the forging technology is used and high quality steel is used.
Supportive. In the case when the car has to carry loads of increased weight, this particular bridge is used. The design provides for a supporting device, which takes part of the load on itself. In some trim levels front axle equipped with a similar support element.
Continuous leading. The most complex system, since, in addition to the beam, the device includes a system and axle shafts. With this system, the front wheels are able to rotate at different speeds. When cornering, the car is more stable and able to withstand heavy loads, while in the cabin there will be a feeling of a smooth ride when driving on uneven roads. To withstand mechanical loads, the axle shafts are made of high quality steel, after which they undergo a hardening procedure.

Common design faults

The UAZ car will cope best with the Russian off-road. The front axle is a complex system, any malfunction of which will put the car out of further operation. Repairing the front axle will cost the owner a significant amount of money, so it is necessary to diagnose and lubricate the device parts in a timely manner.

Major bridge failures:

Oil and grease leaks.
Fasteners worn.
Defects in bearings, teeth, axle shafts.
Mechanical damage to the beam.
Wear of component parts.

All malfunctions can occur for various reasons. If a rear-wheel drive car is front-wheel drive, then driving on rough roads will damage the transmission. Also use winter oil for transmission in summer period or vice versa will affect the operation of the car not in the better side... Tires must be kept under constant pressure to prevent bearing and shaft defects. Russian off-road will not frighten the UAZ car. The front axle needs correct adjustment bearings.

Timely identification of the malfunction will allow you to quickly eliminate the breakdown, avoiding more serious consequences. Among the off-road vehicles in the markets, the leading place is occupied by "UAZ-Patriot", the front axle of which needs periodic maintenance.

The main signs of breakdowns:

Extraneous sound.
Gradual loss of vehicle control.
Increased fuel consumption.
Untimely wear of engine and transmission parts.
The most dangerous symptom is a wedge when moving. This event requires immediate repair and adjustment of the bridge.

Timely adjustment of the "UAZ-Patriot" bridge will allow avoiding a large number of malfunctions and keeping the car in good condition.

How to disassemble and repair a bridge

Today, it is the "UAZ-Patriot" that is often bought. The front axle requires constant monitoring and periodic maintenance. It is necessary to timely regulate steering knuckles and bearings. Relubrication is also a prerequisite for correct work the entire system. The main device on which they depend driving performance, is the front axle (UAZ). The price will depend on the completeness of the device. It varies from 75,000 rubles to 200,000 rubles.

In order to remove the front axle, it is necessary to secure the car in stationarye.g. by placing under rear wheels blocks or bricks. Next, you should disconnect all the brake line hoses, after which we unscrew all the nuts and bolts that secure the shock absorbers, gears, pads and ladders. The next stage must be approached with all responsibility, since it is the most difficult.

Stages of dismantling the "UAZ-Patriot" bridge:

It is necessary to remove the wheels.
Disconnect the bipod link.
Remove wheel clutches and brake drums.
We straighten the edges of the lock washer.
Disconnect the inner washer and retaining ring.
Next, you need to start disassembling the fists, brake shields and
We unscrew the ball and steering linkage.
We dismantle the gaskets, remove the steering knuckle housing.

After the front axle is completely disassembled, it is necessary to wipe all components and find the malfunction. Further, it needs to be eliminated. Only UAZ has to rely on off-road conditions. The front axle must be maintained in good condition to avoid costly repairs. It should be borne in mind that the smallest crack can cause a breakdown, so it is better to immediately replace such a part without waiting for it to fail. Because next time you will have to disassemble the whole device again. The front is disassembled in a similar way. Now it will not be difficult for you.

Turning on the front axle "UAZ-Patriot"

UAZ is a powerful Russian SUV. The car will pass perfectly on a normal surface, but to drive over bumps, impassable mud and potholes, it is necessary to turn on the front axle of the UAZ. How to do it? To do this, it is necessary to check in which position the UAZ front axle coupling is installed. To enable, turn the hubs clockwise and move them forward. After all the manipulations done, the cross-country ability of the car will increase significantly, due to the fact that the front wheels will rotate synchronously with the rear ones. It is worth considering that the inclusion of the front axle of the UAZ will significantly increase fuel consumption. But the car will become more agile, stable and more controllable. In the case when the front axle of the UAZ is switched on for driving on flat asphalt, the rubber and transmission wear out several times faster, and the handling deteriorates noticeably.

In general, there are 2 ways to turn on the hub: manual and automatic. The first method is discussed in detail above, and the second is the most convenient.

It is worth remembering that switching on and off should be done after the car has completely stopped. After the operations done, you must make sure that the device is actually turned on, as well as turned off.

Methods for determining the disengagement of the front axle:

When driving, pay attention to the behavior of the rear wheels, they should work independently of the front ones.
Pay attention to how the car behaves when cornering - the car will lead a little when the front drive is on.
Well, the most popular and widespread way. It is necessary to ask an outsider to see if the drives are rotating or not. If they are spinning, then the clutches are on and must be turned off.

Preventive maintenance and timely detection of defects

From time to time it is necessary to pay attention to the running parts of the car. This will positively affect the operation and reduce the likelihood of car breakdowns.

When carrying out prevention, it is necessary:

Check the oil level in the crankcase, top up or change if necessary. The oil is drained through a special hole at the bottom of the crankcase. But in order to drain the oil completely, you must open the filler hole by unscrewing the top plug. If necessary, rinse the container.
Adjust axial clearances. The presence of a gap between the transmission of the gearbox and the bearing of the pinion gear will lead to rapid wear of the teeth. It can be determined by staggering the mount cardan shaft... To eliminate it, it is necessary to tighten the nut by applying a certain effort.
Clean all visible parts of the bridge, including the safety valve. Clean all dirt deposits with a coarse brush.
Check steering knuckles. You should pay attention to the levers of the fists, more precisely, to its fastening. Wheel limiters must always be intact.
Check all fasteners. If necessary, tighten the bolts and nuts using the correct diameter wrenches.

The front axle of the UAZ "loaf" has a similar device. He also needs to carry out similar preventive measures.

Suspension tuning

Every car owner sooner or later asks about improving performance and technical characteristics your car. For some, important external changes and improvements But for SUV owners, the main task is to improve the suspension.

Activities for tuning "UAZ-Patriot":

Strengthening bridges and lowering the gear ratio.
Replacement is recommended to increase suspension travel. rear suspension on the spring. But it is worth considering that the car will lose a little in maneuverability.
Magnification ground clearance will significantly increase the cross-country ability of the vehicle. The lift will help you overcome even the deepest ford.
Replacing tires with tires with more wide profile will have a positive effect on the vehicle's cross-country ability on difficult terrain.

Let's consider several options for tuning the suspension in more detail.

The simplest and most inexpensive is to increase the suspension backlash by 2 cm. It is necessary to put rubber inserts under the front springs and replace the shackle on the springs. In this case, the installation of a Panhard rod is not required. Since the ground clearance is increased, it is possible to fit more serious tires.

The next option is to raise the body itself above the frame. In this case, the ground clearance will increase by 5 cm. The method consists in installing spacers at the attachment points of the frame and body. It is advisable to use aluminum inserts. At the same time, it is necessary to transfer all the frame and body fastening brackets, as well as lengthen the stops so that the body does not move. The bumpers also need to be refined: we also put aluminum spacers on the front, and move the brackets on the rear. As a result, the ground clearance is increased, and you can put tires 275/75 R16. The tuning of the UAZ-Patriot suspension must be carried out with all the necessary tools.

Another option will significantly increase the clearance, which will have a positive effect on the cross-country ability of the car. But the method is quite problematic and complex. In this case, you will need to install a Panhard rod and replace the shock absorber. On the front axle, we put a spacer up to 10 cm on the bumper glass. We drill holes on the machine in order to change the angle of inclination of the king pin. Change the standard slope of 3 degrees to nine. This will allow the vehicle to remain stable on the road. In addition, you can put dampers on the bipod traction, they are perfect from the Mercedes Gelenvagen. A longer post must also be fitted to the axle stabilizer. This method will be quite expensive, but the characteristics and throughput of the machine will increase significantly.

Axle adjustment

Usually, all adjustments are carried out at the factory, and when using vehicle these steps are not required. Adjustments are sometimes made in the event of a bridge overhaul or bearing failure.

Adjustment without replacing bearings:

Unscrew the axle shafts, remove the crankcase cover or the gearbox (depending on the type of axle).
In the differential, namely in the bearings, set a clearance of 0.15 mm using the adjusting nuts.
Set the side clearance to 0.20 mm. Turning the gear, we take measurements at at least 6 points.
If the side clearance needs to be increased, turn the adjusting nut and the opposite nut by the same number of turns. To reduce the gap, we perform all the same operations exactly the opposite.
Squeeze the bearing in the direction of the axis to adjust the preload. The compression level depends on the vehicle's mileage.
We are assembling the bridge. The front axle of the UAZ 469 is regulated in a similar way.

Adjustment with bearing replacement

Unscrew the axle shafts, remove the crankcase cover or the gearbox (depending on the type of axle)
Remove the cover from the bearings.
Using a dynamometer, measure the friction torque of the gear.
Remove the rings from the differential box and put on new ones.
Install new bearings.
Slide on and secure all previously removed covers. It is advisable to apply force for a more reliable fixation. The bolts must be lubricated with a special sealant.
In order to increase the torque of resistance to rotation, it is necessary to tighten the adjusting nuts one by one until the optimum value of resistance to rotation is reached equal to 200-250 N.
Install all previously removed parts, including the axle shafts.
Tighten all fasteners securely.

Outcome

As you can see from the article, the most Russian SUV is, of course, the UAZ. The front axle is one of the most basic parts. The car will not be able to function normally if there is a malfunction undercarriage... "UAZ-Patriot" is a car for roads with poor cross-country conditions. If it will not cope with the tasks set as an SUV, there is no point in spending additional money. Since anyone a car on smooth asphalt it will be fine. In order for the UAZ to meet all the requirements, it is necessary to keep the chassis in good condition. Timely carry out preventive and maintenance... Modifying bridges and increasing ground clearance is also necessary without harming the vehicle. If you have certain skills of a mechanic and the information given in this article, it is possible to perform all the manipulations yourself. Repair of the UAZ front axle will cost a lot, so it is better to prevent malfunctions.

Bridges UAZ Patriot their arrangement and maintenance is a rather interesting topic among UAZ producers. Especially many are worried about front axle UAZ Patriot , because structurally the front axle is more difficult to repair and install. Today we will tell you more about the bridges of the modern Patriot.

First, a little history of UAZ driving axles and the arrangement of these transmission elements. Initially, the bridges of UAZ off-road vehicles were "military" and "collective farm", they decently differed in their arrangement among themselves. Among lovers of SUVs, it is the "military" types of bridges that are valued. But the current UAZ Patriot is equipped with completely different bridges, which have a number of features, although some parts are interchangeable with old bridges.

Modern Patriot bridges of the "Spicer" type now they come with a track increased to 1600 mm. After all, the old bridges were only 1445 mm and did not fit the rather wide Patriot. Also, the main gear housing was changed in the design, which is closed with a removable steel cover, and to access the main gear and differential, it is no longer necessary to remove and disassemble the axle, you can simply remove the cover.

The design of the front and rear axles "Spicer" are similar, and we will talk about the features below. So, the bridge case
consists of a one-piece cast crankcase of the main gear, casings (stockings) of the axle shafts pressed into it and a stamped cover. The absence of a split in the transverse plane of the bridge gives the structure high rigidity (continuous type of bridge). Placing the main gear and differential in a single crankcase ensures durability and high precision of the main pair teeth meshing.

A schematic of the Patriot front axle is shown in the first picture at the very top of the article. The main feature of the bridge can be considered the presence of constant velocity joints. After all, the front wheels, in addition to rotation, should also turn. Initially, the Weiss type CV joints were used, but they were abandoned. Due to the design features, the steering angle did not exceed 27 degrees, which affected the vehicle's maneuverability. Therefore, new CV joints of the "Bearfield" type are now being installed, which provide a 32 degree turn and more durable, due to a more uniform load on the elements of the pivot joint.

Only “SHRUS-4” is used as a lubricant for the UAZ Patriot SHRUS, the previously widely used LITOL-24 grease is no longer suitable for these purposes.

The Patriot rear axle can be seen in the schematic below.

Usually the rear axle "Spicer" does not cause problems for SUV owners. The main thing is to constantly monitor the oil level in the axle housing. Since the bulkhead of the axle or replacement of the final drive with a differential is a lottery. It's pretty easy to run into raw metal and then drive with a constantly humming transmission.

The main tips for using Patriot bridges are quite simple - you should not drive with the front axle connected on a dry good road, this leads to increased consumption fuel and wear of handouts. You should not allow one of the wheels to slip for a long time if you are stuck, this can lead to accelerated wear of the axle. But when driving with an ambient temperature of minus 30, it is better to connect the front axle.

Recall the serial UAZ Patriot does not have a cross-axle differential lock... That is, if the front right wheel stuck in the mud, and the front left hangs in the air, then only the one that is free will rotate. It's the same with rear wheels... In order not to get into a stupid situation, real off-road lovers re-install the interwheel lock on their own. Today there are several types of locks for every taste and wallet.

The Ulyanovsk-made SUV UAZ Patriot has a full curb weight of more than two tons. Naturally, off-road driving on wheels of an increased radius leads to the fact that any irregularities in the relief contribute to the wheels grazing on the body part of the SUV, in particular, for the arch extensions, mud flaps and wheel arches. The situation can be corrected by carrying out a car body lift, that is, raising the body relative to the suspension. But this will require additional investment of finance for the purchase of spacers, shock absorbers and springs. There is another rational option increasing the distance between the wheels and the body. This option provides for the forward movement of the bridge on the UAZ Patriot SUV. Consider what is this procedure and why it is being carried out.

Need to offset the bridge

Actually, this action is necessary in order to be able to replace the standard wheels of diameter 29 by 35, which will allow you to feel more confident on the road. The displacement of the bridge contributes to the fact that, after minor modifications of the longitudinal rods and fastening of the universal joint, albeit insignificant, but the suspension lift is carried out. For SUVs that operate in the steppe or forest areas, every raised millimeter from the ground is of great importance.

Therefore, it can be said that the displacement allows the car body lift to be carried out without much investment. The displacement can be carried out both by using special factory kits, and by self-selection these details. The only thing worth noting is that the factory-made kit allows you to make a shift of only 1 cm, and independent revision from 1.5 cm and more. The cost of the factory set is about 2000 rubles. Consider how the process of displacing the front axle on Patrick is carried out. The photo below shows the store kit required to offset the front axle.

Purchased spacer kit

Front axle offset procedure

So, we found out why it is necessary to carry out the procedure for moving the front axle on a car of Ulyanovsk production. Let's find out how this procedure is carried out and what is needed for this. Initially, it is necessary to install the UAZ Patriot SUV on inspection pit or an overpass, so that it is convenient to carry out repairs. After that we stock up standard set tools and proceed to the procedure for displacing the front drive mechanism on the UAZ Patriot SUV:

First of all, we start unscrewing the longitudinal rod bolt using a wrench.
A similar procedure is carried out on the other side of the thrust.
After the bolts are twisted on the longitudinal rod, proceed to unscrewing the transverse rod.
After removing the transverse rod bracket, the latter goes down. You can now remove the split pin and unscrew the remaining nut at the end of the longitudinal link. The traction can be removed.
After removing the longitudinal rod, it is necessary to press out the old bushings if they are worn out.
Pressing out is carried out using a special press or by means of a tube of the same diameter of the bushings.
After the bushings are removed, polyurethane is installed instead. Polyurethane is the best replacement standard bushings. The cost of a set of polyurethane bushings is 800 rubles, which includes 2 pieces.
Now, depending on how many cm you plan to move the bridge, you need to select the appropriate spacers or flanges. Its movement is considered optimal by 1.5 cm.
When moving, you will need to install a spacer under the cardan, the thickness of which should also be 1.5 cm.
When the necessary spacers are available, then proceed to unscrewing the front universal joint.
At the junction of the cardan with the bridge, you must install a matched flange or spacer 1.5 cm. As shown in the photo below.
A small spacer on the longitudinal rod is also installed, as shown in the photo below.

At this stage, the work on moving the front drive mechanism of the UAZ Patriot SUV has been completed. The drive is biased forward, which makes it possible to install 35 wheels. As you can see, the displacement process is not particularly difficult and can be done at home.

Sometimes, the simpler the revision, the less likely it will ever be implemented, especially if it reminds of itself only on rare occasions. Despite the carved arches, with a sharp compression of the suspension in the diagonal, the rear wheels still cling to the arch a little, which was not particularly critical, but it would not hurt to fix everything. So for a long time there were thoughts of shifting the rear axle back so that the wheel was in the center of the arch and finally got to this point.

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This is how the arrangement of the 33x12.5 R15 wheel in the arch looked like:

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after trimming arches two years ago

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So it has been so far.
At the time of the alteration, the UAZ had road tires, so this is how a 32x11.5 R15 wheel looks like in the rear arch cut to the maximum before the operation starts:

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Wheel position in the arch before the bridge is displaced

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A certain asymmetry and space for shifting back is visible. We will edit.
And our good old crane will help us with this. However, he will not work alone. Since from the time of replacing the springs on their hands they still remember what it is like to pull off the sour nuts on the ladders, then it's time to use our new acquisition. We really liked working with a pneumatic wrench, but to start the UAZ every time for the sake of this the best way, and there may be situations where a pneumatic tool would be useful, but the pressure source cannot be reached. Therefore, we purchased a separate compressor with a 24L receiver to perform such work:

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Preparing for surgery

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We went in to see how it looks normally:

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Standard fastening of the spring to the axle

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The wrench together with the VDshka crackled and crackled and unscrewed all the nuts in a couple of minutes. With Patrick it took half an hour with smoke breaks \u003d)
Actually, they removed the old fasteners for review:

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Old fasteners

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Relatives left the nuts, relatives can also leave the ladders, but since when installing 4-leaf springs on Patrick, the wrong set of ladders was mistakenly purchased, which they did not return, we decided to put them on the UAZ so as not to waste good (UAZ three-leaf springs remain). This is what the bridge offset kit looks like:

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Bridge offset kit

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The main details here are SPRING LINING and LAYING with UAZ Patriot (3160-2912412-10 and 3160-2912422-92 respectively). On the lining, you can see the displacement of the spring pinch bolt hole compared to the standard one. If anyone gets confused, the lining and lining must be unfolded with holes towards the front of the car.

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Actually, further we raise the stern with the crane until the springs are separated from the bridge, slip the spacers under the springs, carefully roll the bridge back a couple of centimeters and lower it back onto the springs (it is better with two of us, because it is difficult for one to simultaneously lower the crane and get a bolt into the hole in the spacer). The lining with its round protrusion fits into the groove on the bridge, and the spring tightening bolt is already placed in its groove. Then we pull the whole economy back. Wrench again to help, but at the end we reach with a lever.
And this is what we have at the output:

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